| Autor: |
Noutsos T; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0810, Australia.; Department of Haematology, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT 0810, Australia.; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia., Perry MA; School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.; Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia., Secombe PJ; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.; Intensive Care Department, Alice Springs Hospital, Alice Springs, NT 0870, Australia.; Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia., Roxby DJ; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia., Sinha R; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia., Campbell LT; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0810, Australia.; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.; Intensive Care Unit, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT 0810, Australia. |
| Abstrakt: |
Red cell (RC) alloantibodies occur on exposure to non-self RC antigens in transfusion and pregnancy (typically IgG and clinically significant) or in association with non-RC immune environmental factors (typically IgM and not clinically significant). In Australia, the risk of RC alloimmunisation in First Nations peoples is unknown. We assessed the epidemiology, specificity, and antecedents of RC alloimmunisation via a data linkage retrospective cohort study of Northern Territory (NT) intensive care unit (ICU) patients (2015-2019). Of 4183 total patients, 50.9% were First Nations. In First Nations versus non-First Nations patients, the period prevalence of alloimmunisation was 10.9% versus 2.3%, with 390 versus 72 prevalent alloantibodies detected in 232 versus 48 alloimmunised patients, of which 135 (34.6%) versus 52 (72.2%) were clinically significant specificities. Baseline and follow-up alloantibody testing were available for 1367 patients, in whom new incident clinically significant alloantibodies developed in 4.5% First Nations versus 1.1% non-First Nations patients. On Cox proportional hazards modelling, adjusted hazard ratios (HR) showed First Nations status (HR 2.67 (95% CI 1.05-6.80), p = 0.04) and cumulative RC unit transfusion exposure (HR 1.03 (95% CI 1.01-1.05), p = 0.01) were independent predictors of clinically significant alloimmunisation. First Nations Australian patients are at increased risk of alloimmunisation due to RC transfusion, underscoring the importance of very judicious use of RC transfusions and shared decision-making with patients. Further studies are recommended to explore the role of other (non-RC) immune host factors, given the relative high prevalence of non-clinically significant IgM alloantibodies within alloimmunised First Nations patients. |
