| Autor: |
Kerkamm F; Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany., Dengler D; Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany., Eichler M; Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany., Materzok-Köppen D; Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany., Belz L; Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany., Neumann FA; Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany., Zyriax BC; Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany., Harth V; Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany., Oldenburg M; Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20459 Hamburg, Germany. |
| Abstrakt: |
As seafarers are assumed to have an increased risk profile for sleep-related breathing disorders, this cross-sectional observational study measured (a) the feasibility and quality of polysomnography (PSG) on board merchant ships, (b) sleep macro- and microarchitecture, (c) sleep-related breathing disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), using the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), and (d) subjective and objective sleepiness using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and pupillometry. Measurements were carried out on two container ships and a bulk carrier. A total of 19 out of 73 male seafarers participated. The PSG's signal qualities and impedances were comparable to those in a sleep laboratory without unusual artifacts. Compared to the normal population, seafarers had a lower total sleep time, a shift of deep sleep phases in favor of light sleep phases as well as an increased arousal index. Additionally, 73.7% of the seafarers were diagnosed with at least mild OSA (AHI ≥ 5) and 15.8% with severe OSA (AHI ≥ 30). In general, seafarers slept in the supine position with a remarkable frequency of breathing cessations. A total of 61.1% of the seafarers had increased subjective daytime sleepiness (ESS > 5). Pupillometry results for objective sleepiness revealed a mean relative pupillary unrest index (rPUI) of 1.2 (SD 0.7) in both occupational groups. In addition, significantly poorer objective sleep quality was found among the watchkeepers. A need for action with regard to poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness of seafarers on board is indicated. A slightly increased prevalence of OSA among seafarers is likely. |
