| Autor: |
Loos P; Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Liège 4000, Belgium., Baiwir J; Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Liège 4000, Belgium., Maquet C; Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Liège 4000, Belgium., Javaux J; Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Liège 4000, Belgium., Sandor R; Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Liège 4000, Belgium., Lallemand F; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Département de Physique Médicale, Service médical de radiothérapie, Liège 4000, Belgium., Marichal T; Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA-Research and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, ULiège, Liège 4000, Belgium., Machiels B; Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Liège 4000, Belgium., Gillet L; Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Liège 4000, Belgium. |
| Abstrakt: |
Immunological dysregulation in asthma is associated with changes in exposure to microorganisms early in life. Gammaherpesviruses (γHVs), such as Epstein-Barr virus, are widespread human viruses that establish lifelong infection and profoundly shape host immunity. Using murid herpesvirus 4 (MuHV-4), a mouse γHV, we show that after infection, lung-resident and recruited group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) exhibit a reduced ability to expand and produce type 2 cytokines in response to house dust mites, thereby contributing to protection against asthma. In contrast, MuHV-4 infection triggers GM-CSF production by those lung ILC2s, which orders the differentiation of monocytes (Mos) into alveolar macrophages (AMs) without promoting their type 2 functions. In the context of γHV infection, ILC2s are therefore essential cells within the pulmonary niche that imprint the tissue-specific identity of Mo-derived AMs and shape their function well beyond the initial acute infection. |
