Forensic profiling of non-volatile organic compounds in soil using ultra-performance liquid chromatography: a pilot study.

Autor:	Lee LC; Program of Forensic Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic & Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.; Institute of IR 4.0, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia., Ishak AA; Program of Forensic Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic & Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia., Nai Eyan AA; Program of Forensic Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic & Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia., Zakaria AF; Program of Forensic Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic & Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia., Kharudin NS; Program of Forensic Sciences, Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic & Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia., Noor NAM; Makmal Forensik Polis DiRaja Malaysia (PDRM), Cheras, Malaysia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Forensic sciences research [Forensic Sci Res] 2021 Jul 12; Vol. 7 (4), pp. 761-773. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 12 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1080/20961790.2021.1899407
Abstrakt:	Soil is of particular interest to the forensic community because it can be used as valuable associative evidence to link a suspect to a victim or a crime scene. Liquid chromatography is a powerful analytical tool for organic compound analysis. Recently, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has proven to be an efficient method for forensic soil analysis, especially in discriminating soils from proximity locations. However, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), which is much more sensitive than HPLC, has never been explored in this context. This study proposed a UPLC method for profiling non-volatile organic compounds in three Malaysian soils (red, brown and yellowish-brown soils). The three soils were analysed separately to assess the effects of individual chromatographic parameters: (a) elution programme (isocratic vs. two gradient programmes); (b) flow rate (0.1 vs. 0.2 mL/min); (c) extraction solvent (acetonitrile vs. methanol) and (d) detection wavelength (230 vs. 254 nm). The injection volume and total run time were set to 5 µL and 35 min, respectively. Consequently, each soil sample gave 24 different chromatograms. Results showed that the most desirable chromatographic parameters were (a) isocratic elution; (b) flow rate at 0.2 mL/min and (c) acetonitrile extraction solvent. The proposed UPLC system is expected to be a feasible method for profiling non-volatile organic compounds in soil, and is more chemical-efficient than a comparable HPLC system. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest. (© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of the Academy of Forensic Science.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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