Phagocytosis underpins the biotrophic lifestyle of intracellular parasites in the class Phytomyxea (Rhizaria).

Autor: Garvetto A; Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Tyrol, Austria., Murúa P; Laboratorio de Macroalgas, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt, 5480000, Chile., Kirchmair M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Tyrol, Austria., Salvenmoser W; Institute of Zoology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Tyrol, Austria., Hittorf M; Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Tyrol, Austria., Ciaghi S; Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Tyrol, Austria., Harikrishnan SL; Centre for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium.; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium., Gachon CMM; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7245, CNRS CP 26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France.; Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Dunbeg, Oban, PA37 1QA, UK., Burns JA; Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Dr., East Boothbay, ME, 04544, USA., Neuhauser S; Institute of Microbiology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Tyrol, Austria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The New phytologist [New Phytol] 2023 Jun; Vol. 238 (5), pp. 2130-2143. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 24.
DOI: 10.1111/nph.18828
Abstrakt: Phytomyxea are intracellular biotrophic parasites infecting plants and stramenopiles, including the agriculturally impactful Plasmodiophora brassicae and the brown seaweed pathogen Maullinia ectocarpii. They belong to the clade Rhizaria, where phagotrophy is the main mode of nutrition. Phagocytosis is a complex trait of eukaryotes, well documented for free-living unicellular eukaryotes and specific cellular types of animals. Data on phagocytosis in intracellular, biotrophic parasites are scant. Phagocytosis, where parts of the host cell are consumed at once, is seemingly at odds with intracellular biotrophy. Here we provide evidence that phagotrophy is part of the nutritional strategy of Phytomyxea, using morphological and genetic data (including a novel transcriptome of M. ectocarpii). We document intracellular phagocytosis in P. brassicae and M. ectocarpii by transmission electron microscopy and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Our investigations confirm molecular signatures of phagocytosis in Phytomyxea and hint at a small specialized subset of genes used for intracellular phagocytosis. Microscopic evidence confirms the existence of intracellular phagocytosis, which in Phytomyxea targets primarily host organelles. Phagocytosis seems to coexist with the manipulation of host physiology typical of biotrophic interactions. Our findings resolve long debated questions on the feeding behaviour of Phytomyxea, suggesting an unrecognized role for phagocytosis in biotrophic interactions.
(© 2023 The Authors New Phytologist © 2023 New Phytologist Foundation.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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