Long-term changes in macroinvertebrate communities across high-latitude streams.

Autor: Milner AM; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA., Loza Vega EM; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK., Matthews TJ; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.; Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group/CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute and Universidade dos Açores, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal., Conn SC; US Fish and Wildlife Service, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA., Windsor FM; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.; School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2023 May; Vol. 29 (9), pp. 2466-2477. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 02.
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16648
Abstrakt: Long-term records of benthic macroinvertebrates in high-latitude streams are essential for understanding climatic changes, including extreme events (e.g. floods). Data extending over multiple decades are typically scarce. Here, we investigated macroinvertebrate community structural change (including alpha and beta diversity and gain and loss of species) over 22 years (1994-2016) in 10 stream systems across Denali National Park (Alaska, USA) in relation to climatological and meteorological drivers (e.g. air temperature, snowpack depth, precipitation). We hypothesised that increases in air temperature and reduced snowpack depth, due to climatic change, would reduce beta and gamma diversity but increase alpha diversity. Findings showed temporal trends in alpha diversity were variable across streams, with oscillating patterns in many snowmelt- and rainfall runoff-fed streams linked to climatic variation (temperature and precipitation), but increased over time in several streams supported by a mixture of water sources, including more stable groundwater-fed streams. Beta-diversity over the time series was highly variable, yet marked transitions were observed in response to extreme snowpack accumulation (1999-2000), where species loss drove turnover. Gamma diversity did not significantly increase or decrease over time. Investigating trends in individual taxa, several taxa were lost and gained during a relative constrained time period (2000-2006), likely in response to climatic variability and significant shifts in instream environmental conditions. Findings demonstrate the importance of long-term biological studies in stream ecosystems and highlight the vulnerability of high-latitude streams to climate change.
(© 2023 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: