Evaluation of antifungal activity, mechanisms of action and toxicological profile of the synthetic amide 2-chloro- N -phenylacetamide.

Autor:	Ferreira EDS; Postgraduate Program in Natural and Bioactive Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Cordeiro LV; Postgraduate Program in Natural and Bioactive Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Silva DF; Postgraduate Program in Natural and Bioactive Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Diniz Neto H; Postgraduate Program in Natural and Bioactive Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Sousa AP; Postgraduate Program in Technological Development and Innovation of Medicines, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Souza HDDS; Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Athayde-Filho PF; Department of Chemistry, Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Guerra FQS; Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Barbosa-Filho JM; Postgraduate Program in Natural and Bioactive Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Oliveira Filho AA; Biological Sciences Academic Unit at the Center for Rural Health and Technology (CSTR), Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Bairro Jatobá, Patos, Brazil., Lima EO; Postgraduate Program in Natural and Bioactive Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil., Castro RD; Postgraduate Program in Natural and Bioactive Synthetic Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Campus I, University City Allotment, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Drug and chemical toxicology [Drug Chem Toxicol] 2024 Mar; Vol. 47 (2), pp. 191-202. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 20.
DOI:	10.1080/01480545.2022.2158849
Abstrakt:	Aspergillus niger causes infections such as otitis and pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. Treatment involves voriconazole or amphotericin B, and due to the increase in fungal resistance, the search for new compounds with antifungal activity has intensified. In the development of new drugs, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays are important, as they allow predicting possible damage that a molecule can cause, and in silico studies predict the pharmacokinetic properties. The aim of this study was to verify the antifungal activity and the mechanism of action of the synthetic amide 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide against Aspergillus niger strains and toxicity. 2-Chloro- N -phenylacetamide showed antifungal activity against different strains of Aspergillus niger with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 32 and 256 μg/mL and minimum fungicides between 64 and 1024 μg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration of 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide also inhibited conidia germination. When associated with amphotericin B or voriconazole, 2-chloro- N- phenylacetamide had antagonistic effects. Interaction with ergosterol in the plasma membrane is the probable mechanism of action.2-Chloro- N -phenylacetamide has favorable physicochemical parameters, good oral bioavailability and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, crosses the blood-brain barrier and inhibits CYP1A2. At concentrations of 50 to 500 µg/mL, it has little hemolytic effect and a protective effect for type A and O red blood cells, and in the cells of the oral mucosa it promotes little genotoxic change. It is concluded that 2-chloro- N -phenylacetamide has promising antifungal potential, favorable pharmacokinetic profile for oral administration and low cytotoxic and genotoxic potential, being a promising candidate for in vivo toxicity studies.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu