Primary ChAdOx1 vaccination does not reactivate pre-existing, cross-reactive immunity.

Autor:	Henze L; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany., Braun J; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany., Meyer-Arndt L; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.; Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany., Jürchott K; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany., Schlotz M; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany., Michel J; Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany., Grossegesse M; Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany., Mangold M; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany., Dingeldey M; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany., Kruse B; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany., Holenya P; JPT Peptide Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany., Mages N; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany., Reimer U; JPT Peptide Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany., Eckey M; JPT Peptide Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany., Schnatbaum K; JPT Peptide Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany., Wenschuh H; JPT Peptide Technologies GmbH, Berlin, Germany., Timmermann B; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany., Klein F; Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany.; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany., Nitsche A; Highly Pathogenic Viruses, Centre for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, WHO Reference Laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 and WHO Collaborating Centre for Emerging Infections and Biological Threats, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany., Giesecke-Thiel C; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany., Loyal L; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany., Thiel A; Si-M/'Der Simulierte Mensch' a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Immunomics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2023 Jan 31; Vol. 14, pp. 1056525. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 31 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1056525
Abstrakt:	Currently available COVID-19 vaccines include inactivated virus, live attenuated virus, mRNA-based, viral vectored and adjuvanted protein-subunit-based vaccines. All of them contain the spike glycoprotein as the main immunogen and result in reduced disease severity upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. While we and others have shown that mRNA-based vaccination reactivates pre-existing, cross-reactive immunity, the effect of vector vaccines in this regard is unknown. Here, we studied cellular and humoral responses in heterologous adenovirus-vector-based ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (AZ; Vaxzeria, AstraZeneca) and mRNA-based BNT162b2 (BNT; Comirnaty, BioNTech/Pfizer) vaccination and compared it to a homologous BNT vaccination regimen. AZ primary vaccination did not lead to measurable reactivation of cross-reactive cellular and humoral immunity compared to BNT primary vaccination. Moreover, humoral immunity induced by primary vaccination with AZ displayed differences in linear spike peptide epitope coverage and a lack of anti-S2 IgG antibodies. Contrary to primary AZ vaccination, secondary vaccination with BNT reactivated pre-existing, cross-reactive immunity, comparable to homologous primary and secondary mRNA vaccination. While induced anti-S1 IgG antibody titers were higher after heterologous vaccination, induced CD4 + T cell responses were highest in homologous vaccinated. However, the overall TCR repertoire breadth was comparable between heterologous AZ-BNT-vaccinated and homologous BNT-BNT-vaccinated individuals, matching TCR repertoire breadths after SARS-CoV-2 infection, too. The reasons why AZ and BNT primary vaccination elicits different immune response patterns to essentially the same antigen, and the associated benefits and risks, need further investigation to inform vaccine and vaccination schedule development. Competing Interests: The authors UR, PH, ME, KS are employees, HW is the CEO of JPT. LL, LH, JB and AT are named on a filed patent application regarding the usage of CD3 downregulation as method for direct analysis of functional avidity of T cells and a patent application regarding the usage of iCope as method for the direct analysis of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Henze, Braun, Meyer-Arndt, Jürchott, Schlotz, Michel, Grossegesse, Mangold, Dingeldey, Kruse, Holenya, Mages, Reimer, Eckey, Schnatbaum, Wenschuh, Timmermann, Klein, Nitsche, Giesecke-Thiel, Loyal and Thiel.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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