The longitudinal relation between loneliness and perceived stress: A structural equation modelling analysis of 10,159 individuals.

Autor:	Laustsen LM; DEFACTUM - Public Health and Health Service Research, Central Denmark Region, Denmark.; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark., Christiansen J; DEFACTUM - Public Health and Health Service Research, Central Denmark Region, Denmark.; Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark., Maindal HT; Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.; Health Promotion, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Denmark., Plana-Ripoll O; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.; National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark., Lasgaard M; DEFACTUM - Public Health and Health Service Research, Central Denmark Region, Denmark.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Scandinavian journal of public health [Scand J Public Health] 2024 Jun; Vol. 52 (4), pp. 410-418. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 16.
DOI:	10.1177/14034948231151716
Abstrakt:	Aims: Prolonged loneliness and severe stress are increasingly recognised as public health concerns and considered risk factors for mental disorders, somatic illnesses and mortality. Loneliness and perceived stress also often co-occur; however, their longitudinal relation remains unclear. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study aiming to investigate the longitudinal relation between loneliness and perceived stress independently of cross-sectional associations and time effects. Methods: Designed as a population-based cohort study with repeated measurements, the present study included individuals aged 16-80 years at baseline who participated in the Danish National Health Survey ('How are you?') in 2013 and 2017 ( N = 10,159; response rate = 50%). Structural equation modelling was used to examine associations between loneliness and perceived stress in the total sample and across age groups (i.e., 16-29, 30-64 and 65-80 years). Results: The models indicated bidirectional relations between loneliness and perceived stress. The standardized cross-lagged path from loneliness to perceived stress (β: 0.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.08, 0.16), p < 0.001) and from perceived stress to loneliness (β: 0.12, 95% CI (0.07, 0.16), p < 0.001) both corresponded to small effect sizes in the total sample. Additionally, the results indicated strong cross-sectional associations, especially among adolescents and young adults (16-29 years), and high temporal stability, especially among the elderly (65-80 years). Conclusions: Loneliness and perceived stress mutually predict each other over time. The finding of both substantial bidirectional and cross-sectional associations demonstrates an interdependence between loneliness and perceived stress that may be relevant to consider in future interventions. Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and publication of this article.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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