Trends in Screen Time Use Among Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic, July 2019 Through August 2021.

Autor:	Hedderson MM; Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland., Bekelman TA; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora., Li M; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland., Knapp EA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland., Palmore M; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland., Dong Y; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland., Elliott AJ; Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.; Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls., Friedman C; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora., Galarce M; Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland., Gilbert-Diamond D; Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.; Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.; Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire., Glueck D; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora., Hockett CW; Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.; Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Sioux Falls., Lucchini M; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York., McDonald J; Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland., Sauder K; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora., Zhu Y; Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland., Karagas MR; Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire., Dabelea D; Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora., Ferrara A; Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	JAMA network open [JAMA Netw Open] 2023 Feb 01; Vol. 6 (2), pp. e2256157. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 01.
DOI:	10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.56157
Abstrakt:	Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread lockdowns and school closures that may have affected screen time among children. Although restrictions were strongest early in the pandemic, it is unclear how screen time changed as the pandemic progressed. Objective: To evaluate change in children's screen time from before the pandemic to during the pandemic, from July 2019 through August 2021. Design, Setting, and Participants: This is a longitudinal cohort study with repeated measures of screen time collected before the pandemic and during 2 pandemic periods. Children aged 4 to 12 years and their parent were enrolled in 3 pediatric cohorts across 3 states in the US participating in the Environmental Influences of Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. Data analysis was performed from November 2021 to July 2022. Exposures: COVID-19 pandemic period: prepandemic (July 2019 to March 2020), pandemic period 1 (December 2020 to April 2021), and pandemic period 2 (May 2021 to August 2021). Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcomes were total, educational (not including remote school), and recreational screen time assessed via the ECHO Child Media Use questionnaire. Linear mixed-effects models were used for screen time adjusted for child's age, number of siblings, sex, race, ethnicity, and maternal education. Results: The cohort included 228 children (prepandemic mean [SD] age, 7.0 [2.7] years; 100 female [43.9%]) with screen time measured during the prepandemic period and at least once during the pandemic period. Prepandemic mean (SD) total screen time was 4.4 (3.9) hours per day and increased 1.75 hours per day (95% CI, 1.18-2.31 hours per day) in the first pandemic period and 1.11 hours per day (95% CI, 0.49-1.72 hours per day) in the second pandemic period, in adjusted models. Prepandemic mean (SD) recreational screen time was 4.0 (3.5) hours per day and increased 0.89 hours per day (95% CI, 0.39-1.39 hours per day) in the first pandemic period and 0.70 hours per day (95% CI, 0.16-1.25 hours per day) in the second pandemic period. Prepandemic mean (SD) educational screen time was 0.5 (1.2) hours per day (median [IQR], 0.0 [0.0-0.4] hours per day) and increased 0.93 hours per day (95% CI, 0.67-1.19 hours per day) in the first pandemic period and 0.46 hours per day (95% CI, 0.18-0.74 hours per day) in the second pandemic period. Conclusions and Relevance: These findings suggest that screen time among children increased during the COVID-19 pandemic and remained elevated even after many public health precautions were lifted. The long-term association of increased screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic with children's health needs to be determined.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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