Perineuronal nets support astrocytic ion and glutamate homeostasis at tripartite synapses.

Autor:	Tewari BP; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA., Woo AM; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA., Prim CE; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA., Chaunsali L; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA., Kimbrough IF; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA., Engel K; School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA., Browning JL; School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA., Campbell SL; Department of Animal Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA, USA., Sontheimer H; Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Research square [Res Sq] 2023 Feb 02. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 02.
DOI:	10.21203/rs.3.rs-2501039/v1
Abstrakt:	Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are dense, negatively charged extracellular matrices that cover the cell body of fast-spiking inhibitory neurons. Synapses can be embedded and stabilized by PNNs believed to prevent synaptic plasticity. We find that in cortical fast-spiking interneurons synaptic terminals localize to perforations in the PNNs, 95% of which contain either excitatory or inhibitory synapses or both. The majority of terminals also colocalize with astrocytic processes expressing Kir4.1 as well as glutamate (Glu) and GABA transporters, hence can be considered tripartite synapses. In the adult brain, degradation of PNNs does not alter axonal terminals but causes expansion of astrocytic coverage of the neuronal somata. However, loss of PNNs impairs astrocytic transmitter and K+ uptake and causes spillage of synaptic Glu into the extrasynaptic space. This data suggests a hitherto unrecognized role of PNNs, to synergize with astrocytes to contain synaptically released signals. Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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