Hereditary etiology of non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania.

Autor:	Petrova N; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation., Tebieva I; North Ossetian State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Beslan, Russian Federation.; Medical and Genetic Consultation of the Republican Children's Clinical Hospital of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Vladikavkaz, Russian Federation., Kadyshev V; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation., Getoeva Z; Pravoberezhnaya Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Vladikavkaz, Russian Federation., Balinova N; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation., Marakhonov A; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation., Vasilyeva T; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation., Ginter E; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation., Kutsev S; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation., Zinchenko R; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation.; N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	PeerJ [PeerJ] 2023 Jan 30; Vol. 11, pp. e14514. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 30 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.7717/peerj.14514
Abstrakt:	More than 50% of congenital hearing loss is hereditary, in which the majority form is non-syndromic. In this study we estimate the most prevalent pathogenic genetic changes in an Ossetian cohort of patients. This is useful for local public health officials to promote genetic counseling of affected families with regard to high allele frequencies of prevalent pathogenic variants and assortative mating in the community of people with hearing loss. In this study, genetic heterogeneity of hereditary non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NSNHL) in a cohort of 109 patients and an assessment of the frequency of two GJB2 gene pathogenic variants in a cohort of 349 healthy individuals from the populations of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (RNO-Alania) were assessed. The molecular genetic cause of NSNHL in the GJB2 gene in RNO-Alania was confirmed in ~30% of the cases, including ~27% in Ossetians. In Russian patients, the most frequent variant is GJB2 :c.35delG (~83%). The GJB2 :c.358_360delGAG variant was found to be the most frequent among Ossetians (~54%). Two genetic variants in GJB2 , c.35delG and c.358_360delGAG, accounted for 91% of GJB2 pathogenic alleles in the Ossetian patients. A search for large genome rearrangements revealed etiological cause in two Ossetian patients, a deletion at the POU3F4 gene locus associated with X-linked hearing loss (type DFNX2). In another Ossetian patient, a biallelic pathogenic variant in the MYO15A gene caused hearing loss type DFNB3 was identified, and in one Russian family a heterozygous MYH14 gene variant associated with dominant NSNHL was found. Thus, the informative value of the diagnosis was ~37% among all patients with NSNHL from RNO-Alania and ~32% among the Ossetians. These estimates correspond to the literature data on the fraction of recessive genetic forms of hearing loss within the affected population. The importance of this study consists not only in the estimation of the most prevalent pathogenic genetic changes in the Ossetian cohort of patients which could be useful for the public health but also in the genetic counselling of the affected families with regard to the high allele frequencies of revealed pathogenic variants as well as to the assortative mating in community of people with hearing loss. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. (© 2023 Petrova et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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