Does Olfactory Training Improve Brain Function and Cognition? A Systematic Review.

Autor: Vance DE; School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1701 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, USA. devance@uab.edu., Del Bene VA; Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Kamath V; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA., Frank JS; School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1701 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, USA., Billings R; UAB Libraries, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Cho DY; Department of Surgery, Veterans Affairs, University of Alabama at Birmingham, & Division of Otolaryngology, Birmingham, AL, USA., Byun JY; School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1701 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, USA., Jacob A; Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Anderson JN; School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Visscher K; Department of Neurobiology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Triebel K; School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Martin KM; School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Li W; Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA., Puga F; School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1701 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, USA., Fazeli PL; School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1701 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neuropsychology review [Neuropsychol Rev] 2024 Mar; Vol. 34 (1), pp. 155-191. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 02.
DOI: 10.1007/s11065-022-09573-0
Abstrakt: Olfactory training (OT), or smell training,consists of repeated exposure to odorants over time with the intended neuroplastic effect of improving or remediating olfactory functioning. Declines in olfaction parallel declines in cognition in various pathological conditions and aging. Research suggests a dynamic neural connection exists between olfaction and cognition. Thus, if OT can improve olfaction, could OT also improve cognition and support brain function? To answer this question, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to determine whether there is evidence that OT translates to improved cognition or altered brain morphology and connectivity that supports cognition. Across three databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, & Embase), 18 articles were identified in this systematic review. Overall, the reviewed studies provided emerging evidence that OT is associated with improved global cognition, and in particular, verbal fluency and verbal learning/memory. OT is also associated with increases in the volume/size of olfactory-related brain regions, including the olfactory bulb and hippocampus, and altered functional connectivity. Interestingly, these positive effects were not limited to patients with smell loss (i.e., hyposmia & anosmia) but normosmic (i.e., normal ability to smell) participants benefitted as well. Implications for practice and research are provided.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: