The Power of One Word to Paint a Halo or a Horn: Demonstrating the Halo Effect in Learner Handover and Subsequent Evaluation.

Autor:	Seehusen DA; D.A. Seehusen is the Georgia Academy of Family Physicians Joseph W. Tollison, MD, Distinguished University Chair and professor, Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia., Kleinheksel AJ; A.J. Kleinheksel is assistant dean, Educational Simulation, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia., Huang H; H. Huang is a medical student, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia., Harrison Z; Z. Harrison is a medical student, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia., Ledford CJW; C.J.W. Ledford is the Curtis G. Hames, MD, Distinguished Chair, Department of Family Medicineprofessor, Department of Family Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges [Acad Med] 2023 Aug 01; Vol. 98 (8), pp. 929-933. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 31.
DOI:	10.1097/ACM.0000000000005161
Abstrakt:	Purpose: Learner evaluation based upon direct observation is a cornerstone of modern competency-based medical education. Learner handover has become a widely accepted practice. Cognitive attribution bias is a potential threat to the validity of learner evaluation following learner handover. Method: In this 2 x 2 (learner handover: halos/horns x learner gender: man/woman) factorial, nonequivalent comparison group experimental design, registered attendees at a national medical education conference watched 1 of 2 videos (depicting a woman learner or man learner) of simulated learner-patient encounters. Data were collected on April 30 and May 1, 2022. Participants received learner handover conditioning before watching the video. The conditioning was randomized to suggest the learner they were about to watch was either "above-average" (halos) or "below-average" (horns). Following the video, participants completed an evaluation form. Results: Participants rated the learner in a video encounter preceded by a horns statement significantly lower than the learner in a video encounter preceded by a halo statement, F (1,65) = 10.15, P < .01, η 2 = .14, horns mean adj = 12.49 (CI 11.34, 13.63), halo mean adj = 15.10 (CI 13.93, 16.28). This represented a scoring difference of 2.61 points on a 30-point scale. More years of teaching experience was negatively associated with the score, F (1,65) = 13.44, P < .001, η 2 = .17. Conclusions: Learner conditioning differing by a single word, labeling a learner as either "above-average" or "below-average" resulted in a large difference in scoring by medical educators. (Copyright © 2023 by the Association of American Medical Colleges.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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