Optimization and Validation of a Virtual Reality Orientation and Mobility Test for Inherited Retinal Degenerations.

Autor:	Bennett J; Scheie Eye Institute at the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Aleman EM; Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Maguire KH; Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Nadelmann J; Scheie Eye Institute at the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Weber ML; Scheie Eye Institute at the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Maguire WM; Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Maja A; Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., O'Neil EC; Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Division of Ophthalmology at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia of the Department of Ophthalmology, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Maguire AM; Scheie Eye Institute at the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Division of Ophthalmology at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia of the Department of Ophthalmology, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Miller AJ; Neurology Virtual Reality Laboratory of the Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Aleman TS; Scheie Eye Institute at the Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Center for Advanced Retinal and Ocular Therapeutics at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.; Division of Ophthalmology at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia of the Department of Ophthalmology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Translational vision science & technology [Transl Vis Sci Technol] 2023 Jan 03; Vol. 12 (1), pp. 28.
DOI:	10.1167/tvst.12.1.28
Abstrakt:	Purpose: To optimize a virtual reality (VR) orientation and mobility (O&M) test of functional vision in patients with inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs). Methods: We developed an O&M test using commercially available VR hardware and custom-generated software. Normally sighted subjects (n = 20, ages = 14-67 years) and patients with IRDs (n = 29, ages = 15-63 years) participated. Individuals followed a dim red arrow path to a "course exit," while trying to identify nine obstacles adjacent to, or directly in their path. Dark-adapted subjects completed 35 randomly selected VR courses at increasing luminances, twice per luminance step, binocularly, and uni-ocularly. Performance was graded automatically by the software. Patients with IRD completed a modified Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ). Results: Normally sighted subjects identified approximately 50% of the obstacles at the dimmest course luminance. Except for two patients with IRD with poor vision, all patients were able to complete the test, although they required brighter (by >2 log units) luminances to identify 50% of the obstacles. In a single-luminance screening test in which normal subjects detected at least eight of nine objects, most patients with IRD underperformed; their performance related to disease severity, as measured by visual acuity, kinetic visual field extent, and VFQ scores. Test-retest differences in object detection were similar to the differences between the two eyes (±2 SD = ±2 objects). Conclusions: This VR-O&M test was able to distinguish subjects with IRDs from normal subjects reliably and reproducibly. Translational Relevance: This easily implemented, flexible, and objectively scored VR-O&M test promises to become a useful tool to assess the impact that IRDs and their treatments have on functional vision.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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