Interaction of genotype-ecological type-plant spacing configuration in sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in China.

Autor:	Yan P; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Song YH; Cereal Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China., Zhang KY; Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, China., Zhang F; Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Xinle City, Xinle, Hebei, China., Tang YJ; Crop Resources Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China., Zhao XN; Xingtai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xingtai, Hebei, China., Wang N; Crop Resources Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China., Ke FL; Sorghum Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, China., Gao FJ; Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dezhou, Shandong, China., Li JH; Crop Resources Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China., Li JX; Cereal Crop Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China., Gao Y; Crop Resources Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China., Yang W; Crop Resources Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China., Gao FC; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Qi DD; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Wang Z; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., You GX; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Han FX; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China., Zhou ZY; Crop Resources Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, Jilin, China., Li GY; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in plant science [Front Plant Sci] 2023 Jan 12; Vol. 13, pp. 1076854. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 12 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fpls.2022.1076854
Abstrakt:	Grain sorghum has been a significant contributor to global food security since the prehistoric period and may contribute even more to the security of both food and energy in the future. Globally, precise management techniques are crucial for increasing grain sorghum productivity. In China, with diverse ecological types, variety introduction occasionally occurs across ecological zones. However, few information is available on the effect of ecological type on genotype performance and how plant spacing configuration influences grain yield in various ecological zones. Hence, a series of two-year field experiments were conducted in 2020 and 2021 in four ecological zones of China, from the northeast to the southwest. The experiments included six widely adapted sorghum varieties under six plant spacing configurations (two row spacing modes: equidistant row spacing (60 cm) mode and wide (80 cm)-narrow (40 cm) row spacing mode; three in-row plant spacings: 10 cm, 15 cm, and 20 cm). Our results indicated that ecological type, variety, and plant spacing configuration had a significant effect on sorghum yield. Ecological type contributed the highest proportion to the yield variance (49.8%), followed by variety (8.3%), while plant spacing configuration contributed 1.8%. Sorghum growth duration was highly influenced by the ecological type, accounting for 87.2% of its total variance, whereas plant height was mainly affected by genotype, which contributed 81.6% of the total variance. All test varieties, developed in the south or north, can reach maturity within 94-108 d, just before fall sowing in central China. Generally, sorghum growth duration becomes longer when a variety is introduced from south to north. A late-maturing variety, developed in the spring sowing and late-maturing regions, possibly could not reach maturity in the early-maturing region. The row spacing modes had no significant affect on sorghum yield, but the equal-row spacing mode consistently caused higher yields with only one exception; this might imply that equal-row spacing mode was more advantageous for boosting sorghum yield potential. In contrast, decreasing in-row plant spacing showed significant positive linear associations with sorghum grain yield in most cases. In addition, these results demonstrated that sorghum is a widely adapted crop and enables success in variety introduction across ecological zones. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Yan, Song, Zhang, Zhang, Tang, Zhao, Wang, Ke, Gao, Li, Li, Gao, Yang, Gao, Qi, Wang, You, Han, Zhou and Li.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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