Midlatitude Ozone Depletion and Air Quality Impacts from Industrial Halogen Emissions in the Great Salt Lake Basin.

Autor: Womack CC; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States., Chace WS; Department of Chemistry, Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts01267, United States., Wang S; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States., Baasandorj M; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah84112, United States., Fibiger DL; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States., Franchin A; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States., Goldberger L; Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States., Harkins C; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States., Jo DS; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, NCAR, Boulder, Colorado80307, United States., Lee BH; Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States., Lin JC; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah84112, United States., McDonald BC; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States., McDuffie EE; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States., Middlebrook AM; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States., Moravek A; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada., Murphy JG; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONM5S 1A1, Canada., Neuman JA; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States.; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States., Thornton JA; Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington98195, United States., Veres PR; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States., Brown SS; NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, Colorado80305, United States.; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado80309, United States.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science & technology [Environ Sci Technol] 2023 Feb 07; Vol. 57 (5), pp. 1870-1881. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 25.
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05376
Abstrakt: We report aircraft observations of extreme levels of HCl and the dihalogens Cl 2 , Br 2 , and BrCl in an industrial plume near the Great Salt Lake, Utah. Complete depletion of O 3 was observed concurrently with halogen enhancements as a direct result of photochemically produced halogen radicals. Observed fluxes for Cl 2 , HCl, and NO x agreed with facility-reported emissions inventories. Bromine emissions are not required to be reported in the inventory, but are estimated as 173 Mg year -1 Br 2 and 949 Mg year -1 BrCl, representing a major uncounted oxidant source. A zero-dimensional photochemical box model reproduced the observed O 3 depletions and demonstrated that bromine radical cycling was principally responsible for the rapid O 3 depletion. Inclusion of observed halogen emissions in both the box model and a 3D chemical model showed significant increases in oxidants and particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in the populated regions of the Great Salt Lake Basin, where winter PM 2.5 is among the most severe air quality issues in the U.S. The model shows regional PM 2.5 increases of 10%-25% attributable to this single industrial halogen source, demonstrating the impact of underreported industrial bromine emissions on oxidation sources and air quality within a major urban area of the western U.S.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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