Absolute and Relative Vaccine Effectiveness of Primary and Booster Series of COVID-19 Vaccines (mRNA and Adenovirus Vector) Against COVID-19 Hospitalizations in the United States, December 2021-April 2022.

Autor: Lewis NM; CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Murray N; CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Adams K; CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Surie D; CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Gaglani M; Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA., Ginde AA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA., McNeal T; Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA., Ghamande S; Baylor Scott and White Health, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Temple, Texas, USA., Douin DJ; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA., Talbot HK; Departments of Medicine and Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Casey JD; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Mohr NM; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA., Zepeski A; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA., Shapiro NI; Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Gibbs KW; Department of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA., Files DC; Department of Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA., Hager DN; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Ali H; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Prekker ME; Department of Emergency Medicine and Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA., Frosch AE; Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA., Exline MC; Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA., Gong MN; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Health System, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA., Mohamed A; Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA., Johnson NJ; Department of Emergency Medicine and Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA., Srinivasan V; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA., Steingrub JS; Department of Medicine, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA., Peltan ID; Department of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Brown SM; Department of Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA., Martin ET; School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA., Monto AS; School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA., Lauring AS; Departments of Internal Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA., Khan A; Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA., Hough CL; Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA., Busse LW; Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Bender W; Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Duggal A; Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA., Wilson JG; Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA., Gordon AJ; Department of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA., Qadir N; Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA., Chang SY; Department of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA., Mallow C; Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA., Rivas C; Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA., Babcock HM; Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA., Kwon JH; Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA., Chappell JD; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Halasa N; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Grijalva CG; Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Rice TW; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Stubblefield WB; Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Baughman A; Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Lindsell CJ; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Hart KW; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Rhoads JP; Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., McMorrow ML; CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Tenforde MW; CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Self WH; Department of Emergency Medicine and Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA., Patel MM; CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Open forum infectious diseases [Open Forum Infect Dis] 2022 Dec 31; Vol. 10 (1), pp. ofac698. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 31 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac698
Abstrakt: Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies are increasingly reporting relative VE (rVE) comparing a primary series plus booster doses with a primary series only. Interpretation of rVE differs from traditional studies measuring absolute VE (aVE) of a vaccine regimen against an unvaccinated referent group. We estimated aVE and rVE against COVID-19 hospitalization in primary-series plus first-booster recipients of COVID-19 vaccines.
Methods: Booster-eligible immunocompetent adults hospitalized at 21 medical centers in the United States during December 25, 2021-April 4, 2022 were included. In a test-negative design, logistic regression with case status as the outcome and completion of primary vaccine series or primary series plus 1 booster dose as the predictors, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate aVE and rVE.
Results: A total of 2060 patients were analyzed, including 1104 COVID-19 cases and 956 controls. Relative VE against COVID-19 hospitalization in boosted mRNA vaccine recipients versus primary series only was 66% (95% confidence interval [CI], 55%-74%); aVE was 81% (95% CI, 75%-86%) for boosted versus 46% (95% CI, 30%-58%) for primary. For boosted Janssen vaccine recipients versus primary series, rVE was 49% (95% CI, -9% to 76%); aVE was 62% (95% CI, 33%-79%) for boosted versus 36% (95% CI, -4% to 60%) for primary.
Conclusions: Vaccine booster doses increased protection against COVID-19 hospitalization compared with a primary series. Comparing rVE measures across studies can lead to flawed interpretations of the added value of a new vaccination regimen, whereas difference in aVE, when available, may be a more useful metric.
(© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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