Coexistence between similar invaders: The case of two cosmopolitan exotic insects.

Autor: Arnold MB; Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., Back M; Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., Crowell MD; Department of Geography, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., Farooq N; Department of Earth Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., Ghimire P; Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., Obarein OA; Department of Geography, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., Smart KE; Department of Earth Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., Taucher T; Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., VanderJeugdt E; Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., Perry KI; Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA., Landis DA; Department of Entomology, and Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA., Bahlai CA; Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA.; Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, Michigan, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ecology [Ecology] 2023 Apr; Vol. 104 (4), pp. e3979. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 12.
DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3979
Abstrakt: Biological invasions are usually examined in the context of their impacts on native species. However, few studies have examined the dynamics between invaders when multiple exotic species successfully coexist in a novel environment. Yet, long-term coexistence of now established exotic species has been observed in North American lady beetle communities. Exotic lady beetles Harmonia axyridis and Coccinella septempunctata were introduced for biological control in agricultural systems and have since become dominant species within these communities. In this study, we investigated coexistence via spatial and temporal niche partitioning among H. axyridis and C. septempunctata using a 31-year data set from southwestern Michigan, USA. We found evidence of long-term coexistence through a combination of small-scale environmental, habitat, and seasonal mechanisms. Across years, H. axyridis and C. septempunctata experienced patterns of cyclical dominance likely related to yearly variation in temperature and precipitation. Within years, populations of C. septempunctata peaked early in the growing season at 550 degree days, while H. axyridis populations grew in the season until 1250 degree days and continued to have high activity after this point. C. septempunctata was generally most abundant in herbaceous crops, whereas H. axyridis did not display strong habitat preferences. These findings suggest that within this region H. axyridis has broader habitat and abiotic environmental preferences, whereas C. septempunctata thrives under more specific ecological conditions. These ecological differences have contributed to the continued coexistence of these two invaders. Understanding the mechanisms that allow for the coexistence of dominant exotic species contributes to native biodiversity conservation management of invaded ecosystems.
(© 2023 The Authors. Ecology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Ecological Society of America.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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