Galactic cosmic ray simulation at the NASA space radiation laboratory - Progress, challenges and recommendations on mixed-field effects.

Autor: Huff JL; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, 23681, United States of America. Electronic address: janice.l.huff@nasa.gov., Poignant F; National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, 23666, United States of America., Rahmanian S; National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, 23666, United States of America., Khan N; National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, 23666, United States of America., Blakely EA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States of America., Britten RA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Leroy T Canoles Jr. Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, 23507, United States of America., Chang P; SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, United States of America., Fornace AJ; Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, United States of America., Hada M; Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, 77446, United States of America., Kronenberg A; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States of America., Norman RB; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, 23681, United States of America., Patel ZS; KBR Inc., Houston, TX, 77058, United States of America; NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, 77058, United States of America., Shay JW; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, United States of America., Weil MM; Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, United States of America., Simonsen LC; NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC, 20546, United States of America., Slaba TC; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, 23681, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Life sciences in space research [Life Sci Space Res (Amst)] 2023 Feb; Vol. 36, pp. 90-104. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 10.
DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2022.09.001
Abstrakt: For missions beyond low Earth orbit to the moon or Mars, space explorers will encounter a complex radiation field composed of various ion species with a broad range of energies. Such missions pose significant radiation protection challenges that need to be solved in order to minimize exposures and associated health risks. An innovative galactic cosmic ray simulator (GCRsim) was recently developed at the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The GCRsim technology is intended to represent major components of the space radiation environment in a ground analog laboratory setting where it can be used to improve understanding of biological risks and serve as a testbed for countermeasure development and validation. The current GCRsim consists of 33 energetic ion beams that collectively simulate the primary and secondary GCR field encountered by humans in space over the broad range of particle types, energies, and linear energy transfer (LET) of interest to health effects. A virtual workshop was held in December 2020 to assess the status of the NASA baseline GCRsim. Workshop attendees examined various aspects of simulator design, with a particular emphasis on beam selection strategies. Experimental results, modeling approaches, areas of consensus, and questions of concern were also discussed in detail. This report includes a summary of the GCRsim workshop and a description of the current status of the GCRsim. This information is important for future advancements and applications in space radiobiology.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to funding, personal gain, or financial interest. Although several authors work directly [JLH, SRB, RBN, LCS] as employees or indirectly as contractors [NK, ZSP, FP, SR] for NASA, the views and opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NASA or the United States government and do not imply NASA supported program direction.
(Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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