| Autor: |
Elkatory MR; Polymer Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, SRTA-City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt., Hassaan MA; Environment Division, Marine Pollution Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria 21556, Egypt., Soliman EA; Polymer Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, SRTA-City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt., Niculescu VC; National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies-ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Valcea, Romania., Raboaca MS; National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies-ICSI Ramnicu Valcea, 4th Uzinei Street, 240050 Valcea, Romania.; Doctoral School, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei Street No. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania., El Nemr A; Environment Division, Marine Pollution Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria 21556, Egypt. |
| Abstrakt: |
An important problem for the oil industry is the deposition of paraffin on pipelines during the transit of crude oil and restart processes at low temperature. In this regard, the need for suitable methods of wax deposition has attracted substantial attention. Therefore, pour point depressants (PPDs) are considered a critical processing aid to modify the paraffin crystallization and improve the flow of waxy crude oil. The effect of pendants in comb-type copolymers on the ability of crude oil to flow in the cold is examined in the current study. Such PPDs were first created by the free radical polymerization of maleic anhydride with benzyl oleate to create the poly (benzyl oleate-co-maleic anhydride). The resultant copolymer was then aminated with alkyl amine (stearyl amine) (C 18 H 39 N) to form pendant alkyl amine chains. The esterified copolymers were structurally characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared, X-ray diffraction spectral analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the potential interactions between PPD and waxes were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and light microscopy. The obtained PPDs, which are effective at a dose of 2000 ppm, were able to reduce the pour point by up to 3 °C. The viscosity and yield stress of the petroleum waxy crude oil were revealed by rheometer. |
