Selection signatures for local and regional adaptation in Chinese Mongolian horse breeds reveal candidate genes for hoof health.

Autor: Han H; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China., Randhawa IAS; Animal Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia., MacHugh DE; UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.; UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04V1W8, Ireland., McGivney BA; Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Dun Laoghaire Business Park, Dublin, A96 W5T3, Ireland., Katz LM; UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04V1W8, Ireland., Dugarjaviin M; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Equine Research Centre, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China., Hill EW; UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland. emmeline.hill@ucd.ie.; Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Dun Laoghaire Business Park, Dublin, A96 W5T3, Ireland. emmeline.hill@ucd.ie.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC genomics [BMC Genomics] 2023 Jan 19; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 35. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 19.
DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09116-8
Abstrakt: Background: Thousands of years of natural and artificial selection since the domestication of the horse has shaped the distinctive genomes of Chinese Mongolian horse populations. Consequently, genomic signatures of selection can provide insights into the human-mediated selection history of specific traits and evolutionary adaptation to diverse environments. Here, we used genome-wide SNPs from five distinct Chinese Mongolian horse populations to identify genomic regions under selection for the population-specific traits, gait, black coat colour, and hoof quality. Other global breeds were used to identify regional-specific signatures of selection.
Results: We first identified the most significant selection peak for the Wushen horse in the region on ECA23 harbouring DMRT3, the major gene for gait. We detected selection signatures encompassing several genes in the Baicha Iron Hoof horse that represent good biological candidates for hoof health, including the CSPG4, PEAK1, EXPH5, WWP2 and HAS3 genes. In addition, an analysis of regional subgroups (Asian compared to European) identified a single locus on ECA3 containing the ZFPM1 gene that is a marker of selection for the major domestication event leading to the DOM2 horse clade.
Conclusions: Genomic variation at these loci in the Baicha Iron Hoof may be leveraged in other horse populations to identify animals with superior hoof health or those at risk of hoof-related pathologies. The overlap between the selection signature in Asian horses with the DOM2 selection peak raises questions about the nature of horse domestication events, which may have involved a prehistoric clade other than DOM2 that has not yet been identified.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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