| Autor: |
Meehan CE; Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA.; Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska – Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA., Schantell M; Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA.; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Wiesman AI; Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, CA., Wolfson SL; Geriatrics Medicine Clinic, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., O'Neill J; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Bares SH; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Johnson CM; Department of Radiology, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., May PE; Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Murman DL; Department of Neurological Sciences, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.; Memory Disorders and Behavioral Neurology Program, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Wilson TW; Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA.; Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska – Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA.; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA. |
| Abstrakt: |
People with HIV (PWH) frequently experience mild cognitive decline, which is typically attributed to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND). However, such declines could also be a sign of early Alzheimer's disease (AD) in older PWH. Distinguishing these two pathologies in PWH is exceedingly difficult, as there is a major knowledge gap regarding their neural and neuropsychological bases. In the current study, we begin to address this knowledge gap by recording magnetoencephalography (MEG) during a flanker interference task in 31 biomarker-confirmed patients on the AD spectrum (ADS), 25 older participants with HAND, and 31 cognitively-normal controls. MEG data was examined in the time-frequency domain using a data-driven approach. Our results indicated that the clinical groups (ADS/HAND) performed significantly worse than controls on the task and exhibited aberrations in interference-related theta and alpha oscillations, some of which were disease-specific. Specifically, patients (ADS/HAND) exhibited weaker interference activity in frontoparietal and cingulate cortices compared to controls, while the ADS group exhibited stronger theta interference than those with HAND in frontoparietal, occipital, and temporal cortices. These results reveal overlapping and distinct patterns of neurophysiological alterations among those with ADS and HAND in attentional processing centers and suggest the existence of unique oscillatory markers of each condition. |
