| Autor: |
Takagi T; Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan., Aoyama K; Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan., Motone K; Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.; Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Japan., Aburaya S; Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan., Yamashiro H; Tropical Biosphere Research Center, Sesoko Station, University of the Ryukyus, Motobu, Japan., Miura N; Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Japan., Inoue K; Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Microbiology spectrum [Microbiol Spectr] 2023 Feb 14; Vol. 11 (1), pp. e0246422. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 18. |
| DOI: |
10.1128/spectrum.02464-22 |
| Abstrakt: |
Scleractinian corals form symbiotic relationships with a variety of microorganisms, including endosymbiotic dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae, and with bacteria, which are collectively termed coral holobionts. Interactions between hosts and their symbionts are critical to the physiological status of corals. Coral-microorganism interactions have been studied extensively, but dinoflagellate-bacterial interactions remain largely unexplored. Here, we developed a microbiome manipulation method employing KAS-antibiotic treatment (kanamycin, ampicillin, and streptomycin) to favor pigmented bacteria residing on cultured Cladocopium and Durusdinium , major endosymbionts of corals, and isolated several carotenoid-producing bacteria from cell surfaces of the microalgae. Following KAS-antibiotic treatment of Cladocopium sp. strain NIES-4077, pigmented bacteria increased 8-fold based on colony-forming assays from the parental strain, and 100% of bacterial sequences retrieved through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing were affiliated with the genus Maribacter . Microbiome manipulation enabled host microalgae to maintain higher maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (variable fluorescence divided by maximum fluorescence [ F v / F m ]) under light-stress conditions, compared to the parental strain. Furthermore, by combining culture-dependent and -independent techniques, we demonstrated that species of the family Symbiodiniaceae and pigmented bacteria form strong interactions. Dinoflagellates protected bacteria from antibiotics, while pigmented bacteria protected microalgal cells from light stress via carotenoid production. Here, we describe for the first time a symbiotic relationship in which dinoflagellates and bacteria mutually reduce environmental stress. Investigations of microalgal-bacterial interactions further document bacterial contributions to coral holobionts and may facilitate development of novel techniques for microbiome-mediated coral reef conservation. IMPORTANCE Coral reefs cover less than 0.1% of the ocean floor, but about 25% of all marine species depend on coral reefs at some point in their life cycles. However, rising ocean temperatures associated with global climate change are a serious threat to coral reefs, causing dysfunction of the photosynthetic apparatus of endosymbiotic microalgae of corals, and overproducing reactive oxygen species harmful to corals. We manipulated the microbiome using an antibiotic treatment to favor pigmented bacteria, enabling their symbiotic microalgal partners to maintain higher photosynthetic function under insolation stress. Furthermore, we investigated mechanisms underlying microalgal-bacterial interactions, describing for the first time a symbiotic relationship in which the two symbionts mutually reduce environmental stress. Our findings extend current insights about microalgal-bacterial interactions, enabling better understanding of bacterial contributions to coral holobionts under stressful conditions and offering hope of reducing the adverse impacts of global warming on coral reefs. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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