Ecologically driven differences in individual diet specialization across three populations of Guiana dolphin.

Autor: Teixeira CR; Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos (LAMAQ), Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. clarissa.teixeira@oregonstate.edu.; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences, Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA. clarissa.teixeira@oregonstate.edu., Botta S; Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha (ECOMEGA), Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil., Cremer MJ; Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Tetrápodes Marinhos e Costeiros (TetraMar), Unidade São Francisco do Sul, Universidade da Região de Joinville, São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina, Brazil., Marcondes MCC; Instituto Baleia Jubarte (IBJ), Caravelas, Bahia, Brazil., Pereira LB; Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos (LAMAQ), Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil., Newsome SD; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA., Jorge FGD; Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos (LAMAQ), Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil., Simões-Lopes PC; Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos (LAMAQ), Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Oecologia [Oecologia] 2023 Feb; Vol. 201 (2), pp. 397-408. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 17.
DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05312-7
Abstrakt: Populations usually considered foraging generalists may include specialized individuals that feed on a restricted subset of the prey spectrum consumed by the population. By analyzing the time series of δ 13 C and δ 15 N values in sequential growth layer groups within tooth dentin, we measured population- and individual-level variation in resource use of three populations of Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis)-Caravelas River, Babitonga Bay, and Norte Bay-along a latitudinal gradient in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. We show that the Guiana dolphin at Caravelas River is a generalist population consisting of individual dietary specialists, likely due to the absence of other resident dolphin populations thus allowing individuals to target prey across a wide range of habitats. The Babitonga Bay population is also composed of individual specialists potentially due to the selective foraging behavior of some individuals on high-quality prey sources within and near the bay. In contrast, the Norte Bay population comprises individual generalists, which likely reflects its distinctive cohesive social organization, coexistence with two other dolphin species, and an opportunistic foraging strategy in response to resource fluctuations inherent to the southern limit of the species distribution. Although the Guiana dolphin is generally considered to be a dietary generalist at the population level, our findings reveal that the total niche width of populations and the degree of individual diet specialization are highly context dependent, suggesting dietary plasticity that may be related to a latitudinal gradient in resource availability and environmental conditions.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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