Case Report: Three Case Reports of Rapidly Progressive Dementias and Narrative Review.

Autor: Clavijo CA; Department of Neurology, Neurology Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Pontificia Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia.; Department of Cognitive Disorders, Neurocognitive Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Pacific's Neurological Institute, Cali, Colombia., Portilla Buenaventura AM; Department of Neurology, Neurology Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Pontificia Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia., Benavides Albornoz GS; Department of Neurology, Neurology Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Pontificia Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia., Muñoz Cabrera JJ; Department of Neurology, Neurology Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Pontificia Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia., Murillo Reyes MC; Department of Neurology, Neurology Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Pontificia Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia., Chauvez Gallego A; Department of Neurology, Neurology Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Pontificia Javeriana Cali, Cali, Colombia., Hurtado González CA; Psychology School, Cooperativa University, Cali, Colombia.; Researcher Team on Basic and Applied Clinical Neurosciences SEMINEC, Cali, Colombia.; Specialist in Psychiatry, Libre University, Cali, Colombia., Ospina Otalvaro S; Psychology School, Cooperativa University, Cali, Colombia.; Researcher Team on Basic and Applied Clinical Neurosciences SEMINEC, Cali, Colombia., Marmolejo Escobar CS; Psychology School, Cooperativa University, Cali, Colombia.; Researcher Team on Basic and Applied Clinical Neurosciences SEMINEC, Cali, Colombia., Quebrada Mera KJ; Psychology School, Cooperativa University, Cali, Colombia.; Researcher Team on Basic and Applied Clinical Neurosciences SEMINEC, Cali, Colombia., Lenis PAG; Psychology School, Cooperativa University, Cali, Colombia.; Researcher Team on Basic and Applied Clinical Neurosciences SEMINEC, Cali, Colombia., Arango García LM; Specialist in Psychiatry, Libre University, Cali, Colombia., Lucumí A; Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Libre University, Cali, Colombia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Case reports in neurology [Case Rep Neurol] 2022 Nov 11; Vol. 14 (3), pp. 441-455. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 11 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.1159/000525701
Abstrakt: Rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by cognitive impairment and other neurological disorders developed in a short span of fewer than 2 years. Currently viewed as new and infrequent entities, most medical personnel have little understanding of it. Nevertheless, they significantly compromise many patients' quality of life. Here, we drive 3 clinical cases that evolve as RPD with different etiologies.
Case 1: 70-year-old woman presented to the emergency with neuropsychiatric syndrome for 18 days. The researchers identified inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), protein 14-3-3-positive T-tau protein, MRI: T2 and FLAIR hyperintensities in bilateral caudate nuclei with diffusion restriction, EEG shows a generalized periodic pattern with triphasic wave morphology.
Case 2: 29-year-old man with cognitive impairment and faciobrachial dystonia seizure. The diagnosis was confirmed by achieving elevated antibodies against voltage-gated potassium channels.
Case 3: A 49-year-old woman with encephalopathy and myoclonic seizures; EEG and MRI showed subtle changes. The patient also had a normal CSF but a positive CBA serologic NMDA-R antibody test. We described fundamental aspects of RPD to allow made differential diagnoses in patients with cognitive impairment and encephalopathy. Establishing an early and accurate diagnosis can benefit patients with RPD etiologies that are treatable and even reversible, decreasing in morbidity and mortality.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted without any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2022 by The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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