Relationship between coliphage and Enterococcus at southern California beaches and implications for beach water quality management.

Autor: Zimmer-Faust AG; Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, 3535 Harbor Blvd., Costa Mesa, CA 92626, United States. Electronic address: amyZF@sccwrp.org., Griffith JF; Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, 3535 Harbor Blvd., Costa Mesa, CA 92626, United States., Steele JA; Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, 3535 Harbor Blvd., Costa Mesa, CA 92626, United States., Santos B; City of San Diego, Environmental Monitoring and Technical Services, United States., Cao Y; Orange County Sanitation District, United States., Asato L; City of San Diego, Environmental Monitoring and Technical Services, United States., Chiem T; Orange County Public Health Laboratory, United States., Choi S; Orange County Sanitation District, United States., Diaz A; Orange County Sanitation District, United States., Guzman J; Orange County Public Health Laboratory, United States., Laak D; Ventura County Public Works Agency, United States., Padilla M; Los Angeles County Sanitation District, United States., Quach-Cu J; Los Angeles County Sanitation District, United States., Ruiz V; Los Angeles City Sanitation Department, United States., Woo M; California State University Channel Islands, Ventura, CA, United States., Weisberg SB; Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Authority, 3535 Harbor Blvd., Costa Mesa, CA 92626, United States.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Water research [Water Res] 2023 Feb 15; Vol. 230, pp. 119383. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 19.
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119383
Abstrakt: Coliphage have been suggested as an alternative to fecal indicator bacteria for assessing recreational beach water quality, but it is unclear how frequently and at what types of beaches coliphage produces a different management outcome. Here we conducted side-by-side sampling of male-specific and somatic coliphage by the new EPA dead-end hollow fiber ultrafiltration (D-HFUF-SAL) method and Enterococcus at southern California beaches over two years. When samples were combined for all beach sites, somatic and male-specific coliphage both correlated with Enterococcus. When examined categorically, Enterococcus would have resulted in approximately two times the number of health advisories as somatic coliphage and four times that of male-specific coliphage,using recently proposed thresholds of 60 PFU/100 mL for somatic and 30 PFU/100 mL for male-specific coliphage. Overall, only 12% of total exceedances would have been for coliphage alone. Somatic coliphage exceedances that occurred in the absence of an Enterococcus exceedance were limited to a single site during south swell events, when this beach is known to be affected by nearby minimally treated sewage. Thus, somatic coliphage provided additional valuable health protection information, but may be more appropriate as a supplement to FIB measurements rather than as replacement because: (a) EPA-approved PCR methods for Enterococcus allow a more rapid response, (b) coliphage is more challenging owing to its greater sampling volume and laboratory time requirements, and (c) Enterococcus' long data history has yielded predictive management models that would need to be recreated for coliphage.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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