Systematic Review of Human and Animal Evidence on the Role of Buckwheat Consumption on Gastrointestinal Health.

Autor:	Valido E; Swiss Paraplegic Research, 6207 Nottwil, Switzerland.; Department of Health Sciences, University of Lucerne, 6003 Lucerne, Switzerland., Stoyanov J; Swiss Paraplegic Research, 6207 Nottwil, Switzerland.; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland., Gorreja F; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, S-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden., Stojic S; Swiss Paraplegic Research, 6207 Nottwil, Switzerland., Niehot C; Literature Searches Support, 3000 GA Dordrecht, The Netherlands., Kiefte-de Jong J; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Health Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands., Llanaj E; ELKH-DE Public Health Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary.; Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany., Muka T; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland., Glisic M; Swiss Paraplegic Research, 6207 Nottwil, Switzerland.; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Nutrients [Nutrients] 2022 Dec 20; Vol. 15 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 20.
DOI:	10.3390/nu15010001
Abstrakt:	Background: Buckwheat is a commonly cultivated crop with growing evidence that it is beneficial to gastrointestinal (GI) health. This systematic review summarizes the role of buckwheat in modifying GI health outcomes and microbiomes. Methods: Four medical databases and Google Scholar were systematically searched. Clinical trials, observational studies, animal in vivo, and in vitro studies with human and animal GI-derived samples were included. Results: There were 32 studies (one randomized controlled trial [RCT], one non-randomized trial, 3 observational, 9 in vitro, and 18 animal in vivo studies) included. In preclinical studies, buckwheat extracts were observed to have cytotoxic potential against human-derived GI cancer cell lines. Animals fed with buckwheat had lower GI mucosal inflammation, higher alpha diversity in the GI microbiome, and higher levels of fecal short-chain fatty acids. Human evidence studies and clinical trials were limited and predominantly of moderate risk of bias. The majority of in vitro studies with GI-derived samples and in vivo studies were reliable without restrictions in study design. Conclusion: In vivo and in vitro studies show that buckwheat may have potential GI benefits due to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential; however, human evidence remains limited, and its impact on health in humans remains to be elucidated in future trials.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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