Cardiac Autonomic Function in Long COVID-19 Using Heart Rate Variability: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study.

Autor: Menezes Junior ADS; Internal Medicine Department, Medicine School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74175-120, Brazil.; Medical and Life Sciences School, Medicine School, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia 74000-000, Brazil., Schröder AA; Medical and Life Sciences School, Medicine School, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia 74000-000, Brazil., Botelho SM; Internal Medicine Department, Medicine School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74175-120, Brazil.; Medical and Life Sciences School, Medicine School, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia 74000-000, Brazil., Resende AL; Internal Medicine Department, Medicine School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74175-120, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of clinical medicine [J Clin Med] 2022 Dec 22; Vol. 12 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 22.
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010100
Abstrakt: Background: Heart rate variability is a non-invasive, measurable, and established autonomic nervous system test. Long-term COVID-19 sequelae are unclear; however, acute symptoms have been studied.
Objectives: To determine autonomic cardiac differences between long COVID-19 patients and healthy controls and evaluate associations among symptoms, comorbidities, and laboratory findings.
Methods: This single-center study included long COVID-19 patients and healthy controls. The heart rate variability (HRV), a quantitative marker of autonomic activity, was monitored for 24 h using an ambulatory electrocardiogram system. HRV indices were compared between case and control groups. Symptom frequency and inflammatory markers were evaluated. A significant statistical level of 5% ( p -value 0.05) was adopted.
Results: A total of 47 long COVID-19 patients were compared to 42 healthy controls. Patients averaged 43.8 (SD14.8) years old, and 60.3% were female. In total, 52.5% of patients had moderate illness. Post-exercise dyspnea was most common (71.6%), and 53.2% lacked comorbidities. CNP, D-dimer, and CRP levels were elevated ( p -values of 0.0098, 0.0023, and 0.0015, respectively). The control group had greater SDNN24 and SDANNI (OR = 0.98 (0.97 to 0.99; p = 0.01)). Increased low-frequency (LF) indices in COVID-19 patients (OR = 1.002 (1.0001 to 1.004; p = 0.030)) and high-frequency (HF) indices in the control group (OR = 0.987 (0.98 to 0.995; p = 0.001)) were also associated.
Conclusions: Patients with long COVID-19 had lower HF values than healthy individuals. These variations are associated with increased parasympathetic activity, which may be related to long COVID-19 symptoms and inflammatory laboratory findings.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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