| Autor: |
Zob DL; Department of Medical Oncology, AI. Trestioreanu Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania., Augustin I; Department of Medical Oncology, AI. Trestioreanu Institute of Oncology, 022328 Bucharest, Romania., Caba L; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania., Panzaru MC; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania., Popa S; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania., Popa AD; Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania., Florea L; Department of Nephrology-Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania., Gorduza EV; Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania. |
| Abstrakt: |
Melanoma is a common and aggressive tumor originating from melanocytes. The increasing incidence of cutaneous melanoma in recent last decades highlights the need for predictive biomarkers studies. Melanoma development is a complex process, involving the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Genetic aberrations include BRAF , NRAS , NF1 , MAP2K1/MAP2K2 , KIT , GNAQ , GNA11 , CDKN2A , TERT mutations, and translocations of kinases. Epigenetic alterations involve microRNAs, non-coding RNAs, histones modifications, and abnormal DNA methylations. Genetic aberrations and epigenetic marks are important as biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of disease recurrence, and for therapeutic targets. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the genomic and epigenetic changes in melanoma and discusses the latest scientific information. |
