Epidemiology of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and risk factors among adult women in Tigray, Ethiopia.

Autor: Abera GB; School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia., Yebyo HG; School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia., Hailekiros H; School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia., Niguse S; School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia., Berhe Y; School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia., Gigar G; Tigray Regional Health Bureau, Mekelle, Ethiopia., Asmelash T; College of Health Sciences, Aksum University, Axum, Ethiopia., Goba G; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Jan 06; Vol. 18 (1), pp. e0280191. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 06 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280191
Abstrakt: Background: Cervical cancer is a preventable disease if treated early, but remains the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in low and middle-income countries. Data on epidemiology and risk factors in these settings are scarce. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesions and risk factors in Tigray region, Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was used and 900 participants were 30 recruited using multistage sampling and finally data from 883 were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and screening with visual inspection with ascetic acid. Data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and screening with visual inspection with acetic acid from March 2016 to June 2017. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate predictors.
Results: Seventy-nine (8.95%) women were positive for pre-cancer lesion and 35 (3.96%) were suspicious for cervical cancer. We used relative risk ratio (rrr) to estimate the strength of association. Divorced or widowed women had 2.5 and 4.7 times more risk of being positive and suspicious respectively, compared to single women (rrr = 2.5, 95% CI [1.13, 5.52]); (rrr = 4.69, 95% CI [1.00, 21.84]). The risk of having a suspicious result was 68% lower for women with primary education compared to those with no formal education (rrr = 0.32, 95% CI [1.00, 21.84]). History of sexually transmitted infection was associated with positive pre cancer lesion (rrr = 1.91, 95% CI [1.11, 3.27]) whereas, being farmer (rrr = 4.83, 95% CI [1.44, 16.13]), merchant (rrr = 4.85, 95% CI [1.52, 15.46]), bleeding between periods (rrr = 3.26, 95% CI [1.32, 8.04]) and pelvic or back pain (rrr = 2.79, 95% CI [1.18, 6.58]) were associated with suspicious for cancer.
Conclusion: About 8.9% and 3.96% of the women were positive for pre-cancerous cervical lesion and suspicious for cancer, respectively. The prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesion is high as compared to other regional prevalence in the country. Marital status, education, sexually transmitted infection, bleeding, and pelvic pain were risk factors of pre-cancerous cervical lesion'. This finding implies that the sexual exposure, having no permanent husband and being not educated attributes to the high prevalence of pre-cancerous cervical lesion and may aggravate the transmission of HPV."
Competing Interests: The authors have no competing interests to declare
(Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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