Effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on fecal characteristics, metabolite concentrations, and microbiota populations of dogs subjected to exercise challenge.

Autor:	Oba PM; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA., Carroll MQ; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA., Sieja KM; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA., de Souza Nogueira JP; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA., Yang X; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA., Epp TY; Cargill, Incorporated, Wayzata, MN 55391, USA., Warzecha CM; Cargill, Incorporated, Wayzata, MN 55391, USA., Varney JL; Four Rivers Kennel, LLC, Walker, MO 64790, USA., Fowler JW; Four Rivers Kennel, LLC, Walker, MO 64790, USA., Coon CN; Four Rivers Kennel, LLC, Walker, MO 64790, USA., Swanson KS; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.; Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of animal science [J Anim Sci] 2023 Jan 03; Vol. 101.
DOI:	10.1093/jas/skac424
Abstrakt:	The objective of this study was to determine the fecal characteristics, microbiota, and metabolites of dogs fed a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) and subjected to exercise challenge in untrained and trained states. Thirty-six adult dogs (18 male, 18 female; mean age: 7.1 yr; mean body weight: 29.0 kg) were randomly assigned to control or SCFP-supplemented (250 mg/dog/d) diets and fed for 10 wk. After 3 wk, dogs were given an exercise challenge (6.5 km run), with fresh fecal samples collected pre- and post-challenge. Dogs were then trained by a series of distance-defined running exercise regimens over 7 wk (two 6.4 km runs/wk for 2 wk; two 9.7 km runs/wk for 2 wk; two 12.9 km runs/wk for 2 wk; two 3.2 km runs/wk). Dogs were then given exercise challenge (16 km run) in the trained state, with fresh fecal samples collected pre- and post-challenge. Fecal microbiota data were evaluated using QIIME2, while all other data were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS. Effects of diet, exercise, and diet*exercise were tested with P < 0.05 considered significant. Exercise challenge reduced fecal pH and ammonia in both treatments, and in untrained and trained dogs. After the exercise challenge in untrained dogs, fecal indole, isobutyrate, and isovalerate were reduced, while acetate and propionate were increased. Following the exercise challenge in trained dogs, fecal scores and butyrate decreased, while isobutyrate and isovalerate increased. SCFP did not affect fecal scores, pH, dry matter, or metabolites, but fecal Clostridium was higher in controls than in SCFP-fed dogs over time. SCFP and exercise challenge had no effect on alpha or beta diversity in untrained dogs. However, the weighted principal coordinate analysis plot revealed clustering of dogs before and after exercise in trained dogs. After exercise challenge, fecal Collinsella, Slackia, Blautia, Ruminococcus, and Catenibacterium were higher and Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Prevotella, Phascolarctobacterium, Fusobacterium, and Sutterella were lower in both untrained and trained dogs. Using qPCR, SCFP increased fecal Turicibacter, and tended to increase fecal Lactobacillus vs. controls. Exercise challenge increased fecal Turicibacter and Blautia in both untrained and trained dogs. Our findings show that exercise and SCFP may affect the fecal microbiota of dogs. Exercise was the primary cause of the shifts, however, with trained dogs having more profound changes than untrained dogs. (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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