| Autor: |
Obanda BA; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 29053-00625, Kenya.; Global One Health Initiative, Office of International Affairs, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.; Centre for Microbiology Research Nairobi, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi P.O. Box 54840-00200, Kenya., Cook EAJ; International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi P.O. Box 30709-00100, Kenya., Fèvre EM; International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi P.O. Box 30709-00100, Kenya.; Institute of Infection, Veterinary & Ecological Sciences, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, Chester High Road, Neston CH64 7TE, UK., Bebora L; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 29053-00625, Kenya., Ogara W; Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 29053-00625, Kenya., Wang SH; Global One Health Initiative, Office of International Affairs, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.; Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA., Gebreyes W; Global One Health Initiative, Office of International Affairs, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.; Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA., Ngetich R; Centre for Microbiology Research Nairobi, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi P.O. Box 54840-00200, Kenya., Wandede D; Centre for Microbiology Research Nairobi, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi P.O. Box 54840-00200, Kenya., Muyodi J; The Centre for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Control Research, Busia P.O. Box 3-50400, Kenya., Blane B; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK., Coll F; Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London WC1E 7HT, UK., Harrison EM; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK.; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK., Peacock SJ; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK., Gitao GC; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 29053-00625, Kenya. |
| Abstrakt: |
Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen associated with hospital, community, and livestock-acquired infections, with the ability to develop resistance to antibiotics. Nasal carriage by hospital inpatients is a risk for opportunistic infections. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns, virulence genes and genetic population structure of S. aureus nasal isolates, from inpatients at Busia County Referral Hospital (BCRH) were analyzed. A total of 263 inpatients were randomly sampled, from May to July 2015. The majority of inpatients (85.9%) were treated empirically with antimicrobials, including ceftriaxone (65.8%) and metronidazole (49.8%). Thirty S. aureus isolates were cultured from 29 inpatients with a prevalence of 11% (10.3% methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), 0.8% methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA)). Phenotypic and genotypic resistance was highest to penicillin-G (96.8%), trimethoprim (73.3%), and tetracycline (13.3%) with 20% of isolates classified as multidrug resistant. Virulence genes, Panton-Valentine leukocidin ( pvl ), toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 ( tsst-1 ), and sasX gene were detected in 16.7%, 23.3% and 3.3% of isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed 4 predominant clonal complexes CC152, CC8, CC80, and CC508. This study has identified that inpatients of BCRH were carriers of S. aureus harbouring virulence genes and resistance to a range of antibiotics. This may indicate a public health risk to other patients and the community. |
