Cobalt exposure triggers impairments in cognitive and anxiety-like behaviors, brain oxidative stress and inflammation, and hippocampo-amygdala histomorphological alterations: Protective role of aqueous Prosopis africana seed extract.

Autor: Oria RS; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH), Okuku Campus, Cross River, Nigeria., Ben RB; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH), Okuku Campus, Cross River, Nigeria., Esomonu UG; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH), Okuku Campus, Cross River, Nigeria., Essien PI; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH), Okuku Campus, Cross River, Nigeria., Odinaka LE; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH), Okuku Campus, Cross River, Nigeria., Ettah GE; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH), Okuku Campus, Cross River, Nigeria., Eyong OO; Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH), Okuku Campus, Cross River, Nigeria., Ijomone OM; The Neuro- Lab, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.; Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Iranian journal of basic medical sciences [Iran J Basic Med Sci] 2022 Dec; Vol. 25 (12), pp. 1528-1536.
DOI: 10.22038/IJBMS.2022.65689.14456
Abstrakt: Objectives: Cobalt toxicity has become a health concern in recent years, due to overexposure resulting in neurological impairments. With a growing interest in the therapeutic roles of herbs, in toxicity research, it's worth looking into the curative effects of aqueous Prosopis africana seed extract, a plant rich in flavonoids on cobalt-induced neurotoxicity.
Materials and Methods: We treated rats with CoCl 2 or CoCl 2 in combination with aqueous PA seed extract (PAE) orally for 14 days. Control rats received distilled water for the same period. Following treatments, behavioral experiments, analysis for oxidative stress, inflammation, and histological and immunohistochemical analysis were performed.
Results: Results revealed that CoCl 2 reduced the exploration time, recognition index in the novel object recognition test, percentage spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze tests, and reduced open arm entry and duration in elevated plus-maze. However, treatment with PAE improved these parameters to levels comparable with those of the control group. Furthermore, PAE therapy reduced CoCl 2 -induced surge in hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, TNF-α and IL-1β levels in brain homogenate, while also increasing superoxide dismutase and reduced reduced-glutathione activities. CoCl 2 exposure resulted in obvious features of neurodegeneration like nuclear disintegration, nuclear shrinkage, and cytoplasmic vacuolations of the cells of the hippocampus and amygdala, with an increased expression of GFAP. The hippocampal and amygdala histology improved after PAE administration, while exacerbated GFAP expressions were attenuated.
Conclusion: These findings imply that PAE may be anxiolytic and can help reduce cognitive impairments and hippocampal damage caused by CoCl 2 neurotoxicity, via mechanisms that involve attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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