Body mass index and childhood symptoms of depression, anxiety, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A within-family Mendelian randomization study.

Autor:	Hughes AM; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Barley House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom., Sanderson E; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Barley House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom., Morris T; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Barley House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom., Ayorech Z; PROMENTA Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway., Tesli M; Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway., Ask H; PROMENTA Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway., Reichborn-Kjennerud T; Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Andreassen OA; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Magnus P; Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway., Helgeland Ø; Center for Diabetes Research, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Johansson S; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway., Njølstad P; Mohn Center for Diabetes Precision Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Children and Youth Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway., Davey Smith G; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Barley House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom., Havdahl A; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Barley House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom.; PROMENTA Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway., Howe LD; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Barley House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom., Davies NM; Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Barley House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, United Kingdom.; K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen, Norway.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	ELife [Elife] 2022 Dec 20; Vol. 11. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 20.
DOI:	10.7554/eLife.74320
Abstrakt:	Background: Higher BMI in childhood is associated with emotional and behavioural problems, but these associations may not be causal. Results of previous genetic studies imply causal effects but may reflect influence of demography and the family environment. Methods: This study used data on 40,949 8-year-old children and their parents from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) and Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN). We investigated the impact of BMI on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at age 8. We applied within-family Mendelian randomization, which accounts for familial effects by controlling for parental genotype. Results: Within-family Mendelian randomization estimates using genetic variants associated with BMI in adults suggested that a child's own BMI increased their depressive symptoms (per 5 kg/m 2 increase in BMI, beta = 0.26 S.D., CI = -0.01,0.52, p=0.06) and ADHD symptoms (beta = 0.38 S.D., CI = 0.09,0.63, p=0.009). These estimates also suggested maternal BMI, or related factors, may independently affect a child's depressive symptoms (per 5 kg/m 2 increase in maternal BMI, beta = 0.11 S.D., CI:0.02,0.09, p=0.01). However, within-family Mendelian randomization using genetic variants associated with retrospectively-reported childhood body size did not support an impact of BMI on these outcomes. There was little evidence from any estimate that the parents' BMI affected the child's ADHD symptoms, or that the child's or parents' BMI affected the child's anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: We found inconsistent evidence that a child's BMI affected their depressive and ADHD symptoms, and little evidence that a child's BMI affected their anxiety symptoms. There was limited evidence of an influence of parents' BMI. Genetic studies in samples of unrelated individuals, or using genetic variants associated with adult BMI, may have overestimated the causal effects of a child's own BMI. Funding: This research was funded by the Health Foundation. It is part of the HARVEST collaboration, supported by the Research Council of Norway. Individual co-author funding: the European Research Council, the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, the Research Council of Norway, Helse Vest, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the University of Bergen, the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, the Trond Mohn Foundation, the Western Norway Regional Health Authority, the Norwegian Diabetes Association, the UK Medical Research Council. The Medical Research Council (MRC) and the University of Bristol support the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit. Competing Interests: AH, ES, TM, ZA, MT, HA, TR, PM, ØH, SJ, PN, GD, AH, LH, ND No competing interests declared, OA has received speaker’s honorarium from Sunovion and Lundbeck and is a consultant for HealthLytix (© 2022, Hughes et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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