The gut microbiota, HPA axis, and brain in adolescent-onset depression: Probiotics as a novel treatment.

Autor:	Freimer D; University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, USA., Yang TT; University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, USA.; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, USA.; The Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, USA., Ho TC; University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, USA.; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, USA., Tymofiyeva O; University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Medicine, USA.; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, USA., Leung C; University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), School of Nursing, Department of Community Health Systems, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Brain, behavior, & immunity - health [Brain Behav Immun Health] 2022 Oct 29; Vol. 26, pp. 100541. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 29 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100541
Abstrakt:	Stress-associated disruptions in the development of frontolimbic regions may play a critical role in the emergence of adolescent-onset depression. These regions are particularly sensitive to Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis signaling. The HPA axis is hyperactive in adolescent depression, and interventions that attenuate such hyperactivity hold promise as potential treatments. The Microbiome-Gut-Brain (MGB) axis is an important pathway through which stress dysregulates HPA-axis activity and thus exerts deleterious effects on the adolescent brain. Probiotic agents, which alter the gut microbiota composition by introducing bacterial strains with beneficial physiological effects, normalize aberrant HPA-axis activity and reduce depressive symptoms in both animal studies and adult clinical trials. While the potential utility of such agents in treating or preventing adolescent depression remains largely unexplored, recent data suggest the existence of an adolescent sensitive window during which probiotics may be especially efficacious in reducing depressive symptoms compared to effects observed in adult populations. In this review, we outline evidence that probiotic use may attenuate stress effects on frontolimbic development, providing a novel means of improving depressive symptoms among adolescent populations. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (© 2022 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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