Prevalence of Trachoma after Implementation of Trachoma Elimination Interventions in Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: Results of Impact Surveys in 131 Evaluation Units Covering 139 Districts.

Autor: Miecha H; Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Dejene M; Sightsavers, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Adugna D; Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Kebede A; The Fred Hollows Foundation, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Yadeta D; Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Alemayehu A; Research Triangle Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Abateneh A; Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia., Wondimu A; Asfaw Wondimu Health Research and Consultancy, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Dayessa M; Ambo Hospital, Ambo, Ethiopia., Shafi M; Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia., Taye E; The Fred Hollows Foundation, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Balcha L; The Fred Hollows Foundation, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Gadisa S; Light For The World, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Negussu N; Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Mengistu B; Research Triangle Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Willis R; Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland., Jimenez C; International Trachoma Initiative, Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, Georgia, USA., Bakhtiari A; Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland., Boyd S; Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland., Kebede B; Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Tadesse F; Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Mamo A; Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Bekele M; Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Sinke Z; Oromia Regional Health Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Solomon AW; Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland., Harding-Esch EM; Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ophthalmic epidemiology [Ophthalmic Epidemiol] 2023 Dec; Vol. 30 (6), pp. 647-654. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 15.
DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2022.2119257
Abstrakt: Purpose: To determine the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF), trachomatous trichiasis (TT), water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) access in 131 evaluation units (EUs) after implementation of trachoma elimination interventions in Oromia Region, Ethiopia.
Methodology: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in each EU using the World Health Organization-recommended two-stage cluster-sampling methodology. Twenty-six clusters, each with a mean of 30 households were enumerated in each EU. All residents aged ≥1 year in selected households were examined for TF and TT. Information on WASH access in surveyed households was also collected through questioning the household head and direct observation.
Results: A total of 419,858 individuals were enumerated in 131 EUs, of whom 396,134 (94%) were examined, 54% being female. Age-adjusted EU-level prevalence of TF in children aged 1-9 years ranged from 0.15% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0-0.4) to 37.5% (95% CI: 31.1-43.7). The TF prevalence was <5% in 73/131 (56%) EUs. The EU-level age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of TT unknown to the health system among people aged ≥15 years ranged from 0.001% (95% CI: 0.00-0.02) to 2.2% (95% CI: 1.1-3.1) with 37/131 (28%) EUs having a prevalence <0.2%. Only 48% of all households surveyed had access to improved water sources for drinking. Approximately 96% of households did not have an improved latrine.
Conclusion: Oromia is on the path towards elimination of trachoma as a public health problem.
Databáze: MEDLINE