| Autor: |
Sandin SA; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093., Becker PA; Island Conservation, Santa Cruz, CA 95060., Becker C; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093., Brown K; Global Island Partnership, Papamoa 3187, New Zealand., Erazo NG; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093., Figuerola C; Island Conservation, Santa Cruz, CA 95060., Fisher RN; Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, San Diego, CA 92101., Friedlander AM; Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC 20036.; Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, Kāne'ohe, HI 96744., Fukami T; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305., Graham NAJ; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK., Gruner DS; Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742., Holmes ND; The Nature Conservancy, San Francisco, CA 94105., Holthuijzen WA; Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996., Jones HP; Department of Biological Sciences and Institute for the Study of the Environment, Sustainability, and Energy, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115., Rios M; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093., Samaniego A; Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, St Johns, Auckland 1072, New Zealand., Sechrest W; Re:wild, Austin, TX 78704., Semmens BX; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093., Thornton HE; United Nations Environment Programme, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge CB3 0DL, United Kingdom., Vega Thurber R; Oregon State University, Department of Microbiology, Corvallis, OR 97331., Wails CN; Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061., Wolf CA; Island Conservation, Santa Cruz, CA 95060., Zgliczynski BJ; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093. |
| Abstrakt: |
Islands support unique plants, animals, and human societies found nowhere else on the Earth. Local and global stressors threaten the persistence of island ecosystems, with invasive species being among the most damaging, yet solvable, stressors. While the threat of invasive terrestrial mammals on island flora and fauna is well recognized, recent studies have begun to illustrate their extended and destructive impacts on adjacent marine environments. Eradication of invasive mammals and restoration of native biota are promising tools to address both island and ocean management goals. The magnitude of the marine benefits of island restoration, however, is unlikely to be consistent across the globe. We propose a list of six environmental characteristics most likely to affect the strength of land-sea linkages: precipitation, elevation, vegetation cover, soil hydrology, oceanographic productivity, and wave energy. Global databases allow for the calculation of comparable metrics describing each environmental character across islands. Such metrics can be used today to evaluate relative potential for coupled land-sea conservation efforts and, with sustained investment in monitoring on land and sea, can be used in the future to refine science-based planning tools for integrated land-sea management. As conservation practitioners work to address the effects of climate change, ocean stressors, and biodiversity crises, it is essential that we maximize returns from our management investments. Linking efforts on land, including eradication of island invasive mammals, with marine restoration and protection should offer multiplied benefits to achieve concurrent global conservation goals. |
