Significant increase in natural disturbance impacts on European forests since 1950.

Autor: Patacca M; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.; Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Lindner M; European Forest Institute, Bonn, Germany., Lucas-Borja ME; Castilla La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain., Cordonnier T; INRAE, UR LESSEM, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France., Fidej G; Department for Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia., Gardiner B; Institut Européen De La Forêt Cultivée, Cestas, France.; Department of Forestry Economics and Forest Planning, Albert-Ludwigs- University Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany., Hauf Y; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany., Jasinevičius G; European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy., Labonne S; INRAE, UR LESSEM, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France., Linkevičius E; Faculty of Forest Sciences and Ecology, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania., Mahnken M; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Member of the Leibniz Association, Potsdam, Germany.; Chair of Forest Growth and Woody Biomass Production, TU Dresden, Tharandt, Germany., Milanovic S; Department of Forestry, University of Belgrade Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade, Serbia.; Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic., Nabuurs GJ; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.; Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Nagel TA; Department for Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia., Nikinmaa L; European Forest Institute, Bonn, Germany.; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium., Panyatov M; Dendrology Department, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria., Bercak R; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Suchdol, Czech Republic., Seidl R; School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.; Berchtesgaden National Park, Berchtesgaden, Germany., Ostrogović Sever MZ; Croatian Forest Research Institute, Jastrebarsko, Croatia., Socha J; Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland., Thom D; Dendrology Department, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria.; Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA., Vuletic D; Croatian Forest Research Institute, Jastrebarsko, Croatia., Zudin S; European Forest Institute, Bonn, Germany., Schelhaas MJ; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2023 Mar; Vol. 29 (5), pp. 1359-1376. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 12.
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16531
Abstrakt: Over the last decades, the natural disturbance is increasingly putting pressure on European forests. Shifts in disturbance regimes may compromise forest functioning and the continuous provisioning of ecosystem services to society, including their climate change mitigation potential. Although forests are central to many European policies, we lack the long-term empirical data needed for thoroughly understanding disturbance dynamics, modeling them, and developing adaptive management strategies. Here, we present a unique database of >170,000 records of ground-based natural disturbance observations in European forests from 1950 to 2019. Reported data confirm a significant increase in forest disturbance in 34 European countries, causing on an average of 43.8 million m 3 of disturbed timber volume per year over the 70-year study period. This value is likely a conservative estimate due to under-reporting, especially of small-scale disturbances. We used machine learning techniques for assessing the magnitude of unreported disturbances, which are estimated to be between 8.6 and 18.3 million m 3 /year. In the last 20 years, disturbances on average accounted for 16% of the mean annual harvest in Europe. Wind was the most important disturbance agent over the study period (46% of total damage), followed by fire (24%) and bark beetles (17%). Bark beetle disturbance doubled its share of the total damage in the last 20 years. Forest disturbances can profoundly impact ecosystem services (e.g., climate change mitigation), affect regional forest resource provisioning and consequently disrupt long-term management planning objectives and timber markets. We conclude that adaptation to changing disturbance regimes must be placed at the core of the European forest management and policy debate. Furthermore, a coherent and homogeneous monitoring system of natural disturbances is urgently needed in Europe, to better observe and respond to the ongoing changes in forest disturbance regimes.
(© 2022 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: