Insights about personality traits and cognitive performance and decline in adults 51-59 Years old from the Wisconsin longitudinal study.

Autor: Beaudreau SA; Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California, Palo Alto, USA.; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.; School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia., Gould CE; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA., Hantke NC; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.; Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon, USA., Kramer AO; Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California, Palo Alto, USA.; Psychology Department, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, California, USA., Suresh M; Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California, Palo Alto, USA.; Division of Movement Disorders, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA., Jo B; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA., Fairchild JK; Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, California, Palo Alto, USA.; Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of geriatric psychiatry [Int J Geriatr Psychiatry] 2023 Jan; Vol. 38 (1), pp. e5852.
DOI: 10.1002/gps.5852
Abstrakt: Objectives: To delineate midlife personality dimensions of early cognitive change in an age-homogenous sample of U.S. older adults.
Design: Longitudinal study of 6133 adults from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS).
Measures: Middle-aged participants (mean age = 53.2; SD = 0.6) from the WLS completed the 'Big-5' personality assessment in 1992. Mixed effects models examined whether midlife personality traits were associated with change in cognitive performance from participant's mid-60s (2004-2005) to early 70s (2011). The cognitive battery assessed abstract reasoning (AR), category fluency (CF), working memory (WM), and delayed verbal memory (DVM). Models adjusted for sex, education, and subjective health.
Results: High Openness was a significant predictor of change in AR, CF, and DVM. These cognitive outcomes declined less among those with high Openness, but the effect sizes for Openness by time were small (R 2 s < 0.01). AR and CF were characterized by higher overall performance with high Openness, but with relatively parallel change for the highest and lowest Openness quartiles. There was no advantage of Openness to DVM by the second assessment. High Conscientiousness was a predictor of more change for DVM, though the effect size was small (R 2  < 0.01).
Conclusions: None of the midlife personality traits were uniformly associated with change in cognitive performance in early older adulthood. High midlife Openness had the most noteworthy impact on cognition. Interventions designed to target Openness have potential to elevate and maintain a higher threshold of performance in some cognitive domains, but may only have a small impact on cognitive change.
(© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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