| Autor: |
Ibrahim MD; Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Semenyih, Malaysia.; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria., Abakr YA; Mechanical, Materials & Manufacturing Engineering, University of Nottingham, Semenyih, Malaysia., Gan S; Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Semenyih, Malaysia., Thangalazhy-Gopakumar S; Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham, Semenyih, Malaysia. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Environmental technology [Environ Technol] 2024 Apr; Vol. 45 (9), pp. 1870-1883. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Dec 19. |
| DOI: |
10.1080/09593330.2022.2156817 |
| Abstrakt: |
ABSTRACT The current work focused on the intermediate pyrolysis of Bambara Groundnut Shells (BGS-G1), Sweet Sorghum Stalk (SSS), and Shea Nutshells (SNS). These feedstocks are readily available as wastes or by-products from industrial and agricultural activities. The thermo-gravimetric analysis of the biomass samples exhibited decomposition and devolatilization potentials in the temperature range of 110-650°C. The kinetic modelling resulted in the activation energy of BGS G1 being the lowest as 20.43 kJ/mol and SNS as the highest 24.89 kJ/mol among the three biomass samples. Intermediate pyrolysis was conducted in a vertical tube reactor at a temperature of 600°C, with nitrogen flow at 10 ml/min and heating rate ≥ 33.0℃/min. The yield of pyrolysis bio-oil was 38.0 ± 6.4, 44.2 ± 6, and 39.7 ± 5.2 wt.% for BGS-G1, SSS, and SNS, respectively. The HHV of bio-oil varied as 23.7 ± 1.8, 23.8 ± 1.8, to 26.5 ± 2.0 MJ/kg for BGS-G1 SSS and SNS respectively. The biochar recorded the lowest HHV for BGS-G1 as 18.8 ± 1.2 MJ/kg and the highest for SNS as 26.4 ± 1.8 MJ/kg. The FTIR of bio-oil revealed significant functional groups, and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry) analysis categorized the compounds in bio-oils as ketones, furans, phenolics, acids, phenols and benzene derivatives. The physicochemical analysis of the feedstocks and the products (bio-oil and biochar) showed their potential for bioenergy and biochemical (green chemicals) production. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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