Ecology, Not Host Phylogeny, Shapes the Oral Microbiome in Closely Related Species.

Autor:	Moraitou M; Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden.; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom., Forsythe A; Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden., Fellows Yates JA; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Paleobiotechnology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany., Brealey JC; Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway., Warinner C; Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.; Department of Paleobiotechnology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany.; Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany.; Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA., Guschanski K; Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden.; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom.; Science for Life Laboratory, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Molecular biology and evolution [Mol Biol Evol] 2022 Dec 05; Vol. 39 (12).
DOI:	10.1093/molbev/msac263
Abstrakt:	Host-associated microbiomes are essential for a multitude of biological processes. Placed at the contact zone between external and internal environments, the little-studied oral microbiome has important roles in host physiology and health. Here, we investigate the roles of host evolutionary relationships and ecology in shaping the oral microbiome in three closely related gorilla subspecies (mountain, Grauer's, and western lowland gorillas) using shotgun metagenomics of 46 museum-preserved dental calculus samples. We find that the oral microbiomes of mountain gorillas are functionally and taxonomically distinct from the other two subspecies, despite close evolutionary relationships and geographic proximity with Grauer's gorillas. Grauer's gorillas show intermediate bacterial taxonomic and functional, and dietary profiles. Altitudinal differences in gorilla subspecies ranges appear to explain these patterns, suggesting a close connection between dental calculus microbiomes and the environment, likely mediated through diet. This is further supported by the presence of gorilla subspecies-specific phyllosphere/rhizosphere taxa in the oral microbiome. Mountain gorillas show a high abundance of nitrate-reducing oral taxa, which may promote adaptation to a high-altitude lifestyle by modulating blood pressure. Our results suggest that ecology, rather than evolutionary relationships and geographic distribution, shape the oral microbiome in these closely related species. (© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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