White matter integrity as a mediator between socioeconomic status and executive function.

Autor:	Shaked D; Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Department of Psychology, VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, MA, United States., Katzel LI; Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States., Davatzikos C; Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (AIBIL), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States., Gullapalli RP; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States., Seliger SL; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States., Erus G; Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (AIBIL), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States., Evans MK; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States., Zonderman AB; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States., Waldstein SR; Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in human neuroscience [Front Hum Neurosci] 2022 Nov 18; Vol. 16, pp. 1021857. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 18 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fnhum.2022.1021857
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with poorer executive function, but the neural mechanisms of this association remain unclear. As healthy brain communication is essential to our cognitive abilities, white matter integrity may be key to understanding socioeconomic disparities. Methods: Participants were 201 African American and White adults (ages 33-72) from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) SCAN study. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to estimate regional fractional anisotropy as a measure of white matter integrity. Adjusting for age, analyses examined if integrity of the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC), external capsule (EC), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), and cingulum mediated SES-executive function relations. Results: Lower SES was related to poorer cognitive performance and white matter integrity. Lower Trails B performance was related to poorer integrity of the ALIC, EC, and SLF, and lower Stroop performance was associated with poorer integrity of the ALIC and EC. ALIC mediated the SES-Trails B relation, and EC mediated the SES-Trails B and SES-Stroop relations. Sensitivity analyses revealed that (1) adjustment for race rendered the EC mediations non-significant, (2) when using poverty status and continuous education as predictors, results were largely the same, (3) at least some of the study's findings may generalize to processing speed, (4) mediations are not age-dependent in our sample, and (5) more research is needed to understand the role of cardiovascular risk factors in these models. Discussion: Findings demonstrate that poorer white matter integrity helps explain SES disparities in executive function and highlight the need for further clarification of the biopsychosocial mechanisms of the SES-cognition association. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Shaked, Katzel, Davatzikos, Gullapalli, Seliger, Erus, Evans, Zonderman and Waldstein.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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