Estimating the changing burden of disease attributable to childhood stunting, wasting and underweight in South Africa for 2000, 2006 and 2012.

Autor:	Nannan N; Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za., Laubscher R; Biostatistics Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za., Nel JH; Department of Logistics, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za., Neethling I; Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Institute for Lifecourse Development, Faculty of Education, Health and Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, UK. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za., Dhansay MA; Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Human Nutrition and Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za., Turawa EB; Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za., Labadarios D; Professor Emeritus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za., Pacella R; nstitute for Lifecourse Development, Faculty of Education, Health and Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, UK. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za., Bradshaw D; Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za., Pillay van-Wyk V; Burden of Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. nadine.nannan@mrc.ac.za.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde [S Afr Med J] 2022 Sep 30; Vol. 112 (8b), pp. 676-683. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Sep 30.
DOI:	10.7196/SAMJ.2022.v112i8b.16497
Abstrakt:	Background: National estimates of childhood undernutrition display uncertainty; however, it is known that stunting is the most prevalent deficiency. Child undernutrition is manifest in poor communities but is a modifiable risk factor. The intention of the study was to quantify trends in the indicators of child undernutrition to aid policymakers. Objectives: To estimate the burden of diseases attributable to stunting, wasting and underweight and their aggregate effects in South African (SA) children under the age of 5 years during 2000, 2006 and 2012. Methods: The study applied comparative risk assessment methodology. Data sources for estimates of prevalence and population distribution of exposure in children under 5 years were the National Food Consumption surveys and the SA National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted close to the target year of burden. Childhood undernutrition was estimated for stunting, wasting and underweight and their combined 'aggregate effect' using the World Health Organization (WHO) 2006 standard. Population-attributable fractions for the disease outcomes of diarrhoea, lower respiratory tract infections, measles and protein-energy malnutrition were applied to SA burden of disease estimates of deaths, years of life lost, years lived with a disability and disability-adjusted life years for 2000, 2006 and 2012. Results: Among children aged under 5 years between 1999 and 2012, the distribution of anthropometric measurements <‒2 standard deviations from the WHO median showed little change for stunting (28.4% v. 26.6%), wasting (2.6% v. 2.8%) and underweight (7.6% v. 6.1%). In the same age group in 2012, attributable deaths due to wasting and aggregated burden accounted for 21.4% and 33.2% of the total deaths, respectively. Attributable death rates due to wasting and aggregate effects decreased from ~310 per 100 000 in 2006 to 185 per 100 000 in 2012. Conclusion: The study shows that reduction of childhood undernutrition would have a substantial impact on child mortality. We need to understand why we are not penetrating the factors related to nutrition of children that will lead to reducing levels of stunting.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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