A Comprehensive Review of the Management of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Autor: Ajibowo AO; Internal Medicine, Lugansk Medical University, Lugansk, UKR., Kolawole OA; Internal Medicine, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, USA., Sadia H; Internal Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, PAK., Amedu OS; Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Abeokuta, Abeokuta, NGA., Chaudhry HA; Interdisciplinary Medicine, Independent Research Scholar, Philadelphia, USA., Hussaini H; ENT, Jamhoryat, Toronto, CAN., Hambolu E; Family Medicine, Sacred Heart Hospital, Lantoro, Abeokuta, NGA., Khan T; Medicine and Surgery, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK., Kauser H; General Medicine, Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences, Vijayawada, IND., Khan A; Internal Medicine, Lala Lajpat Rai Hospital, Kanpur, IND.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cureus [Cureus] 2022 Oct 25; Vol. 14 (10), pp. e30669. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 25 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30669
Abstrakt: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory process in the lungs that induces non-hydrostatic protein-rich pulmonary edema. ARDS occurs in roughly half of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia patients, with most of them requiring intensive care. Oxygen saturation, partial pressure of the oxygen, and the fraction of the inspired oxygen are health indicators that may indicate a severe illness necessitating further investigation. As treatments have evolved, a typical pattern of ARDS has likewise evolved. In cases where mechanical ventilation is required, the use of low tidal volumes (<6 ml/kg ideal body weight) and airway pressures (plateau pressure <30 cmH 2 O) was recommended. For patients with moderate/severe ARDS (partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen ratio <20), prone positioning was recommended for at least 16 hours per day. By contrast, high-frequency oscillation was not recommended. The use of inhaled vasodilators was recommended in patients with persistent hypoxemia despite invasive ventilation and prone position until extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The use of a conservative fluid management strategy was suggested for all patients. Mechanical ventilation with high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was suggested for patients with ARDS with a ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PF) ratios. ECMO was suggested as an adjunct to protective mechanical ventilation for patients with severe ARDS. In the absence of adequate evidence, research recommendations were made for corticosteroids and extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal. While decades of research have been conducted, treatment options for underlying pathologies remain limited, and mechanical ventilation, which removes carbon dioxide from the body, remains essential to achieving better clinical outcomes. This review aims to identify the best ARDS treatments that are currently available.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright © 2022, Ajibowo et al.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: