Seroprevalence Estimates of Q Fever and the Predictors for the Infection in Cattle, Sheep, and Goats in Nandi County, Kenya.

Autor: Kiptanui J; Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya., Gathura PB; Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya., Kitala PM; Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya., Bett B; International Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary medicine international [Vet Med Int] 2022 Nov 16; Vol. 2022, pp. 3741285. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 16 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.1155/2022/3741285
Abstrakt: Q fever is an important worldwide zoonotic disease that affects almost all domestic animals, wildlife, and humans. The infection has both socio-economic and public health significance. A cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the estimates of seroprevalence of Q fever and to determine the predictors of the infection in cattle, sheep, and goats in six wards of Nandi County. A total of 1,140 blood samples were collected from 366 households. Samples were drawn from 725 cattle (64%), 283 sheep (25%), and 132 goats (11%). Multistage sampling method was adopted. Serum samples were analyzed for antibodies to Coxiella burnetii using the indirect ELISA test. Results showed an overall animal seroprevalence of 5.614% (64/1140) for Q fever. In cattle, the seroprevalence was 8.138% (59/725) with CI 95% (2.8-18.23), 1.413% (4/283) for sheep CI 95% (1.0-7.78), and 0.758% (1/132) goats CI 95% (0.14-7.27). From the findings, Q fever was more prevalent in cattle (OR 7.26) than in sheep and goats. Animal species ( p value 0.015, CI 95% OR 7.26) was the only potential predictors in the three considered species for the presence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies. Sex, age, breed, and production system had no statistical significant association for Q fever infection since p value was >0.005. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that cattle, sheep, and goats are widely exposed to Q fever organisms, and hence, it is an important zoonosis in Nandi County. Therefore, to address this "silent" disease, there is an urgent call for both veterinarians and medical personnel to jointly address prevention and control strategy through enhanced surveillance, public sensitization, and awareness creation under the one health concept. There is also a need for enhanced capacity for the diagnosis of Q fever in both animals and humans in Nandi County.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2022 J. Kiptanui et al.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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