Effects of healthy aging and left hemisphere stroke on statistical language learning.

Autor:	Fama ME; Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery and Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 4000 Reservoir Rd., Washington, DC 20057.; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, 2115 G St. NW, Washington, DC 20052., Schuler KD; Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery and Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 4000 Reservoir Rd., Washington, DC 20057.; Department of Linguistics, University of Pennsylvania, 3401-C Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104., Newport EL; Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery and Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 4000 Reservoir Rd., Washington, DC 20057.; MedStar National Rehabilitation Network, Research Division, 102 Irving St. NW, Washington, DC 20010., Turkeltaub PE; Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery and Department of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, 4000 Reservoir Rd., Washington, DC 20057.; MedStar National Rehabilitation Network, Research Division, 102 Irving St. NW, Washington, DC 20010.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Language, cognition and neuroscience [Lang Cogn Neurosci] 2022; Vol. 37 (8), pp. 984-999. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 28.
DOI:	10.1080/23273798.2022.2030481
Abstrakt:	Spoken sentences are continuous streams of sound, without reliable acoustic cues to word boundaries. We have previously proposed that language learners identify words via an implicit statistical learning mechanism that computes transitional probabilities between syllables. Neuroimaging studies in healthy young adults associate this learning with left inferior frontal gyrus, left arcuate fasciculus, and bilateral striatum. Here, we test the effects of healthy aging and left hemisphere (LH) injury on statistical learning. Following 10-minute exposure to an artificial language, participants rated familiarity of Words, Part-words (sequences spanning word boundaries), and Non-words (unfamiliar sequences). Young controls (N=14) showed robust learning, rating Words>Part-words>Non-words. Older controls (N=28) showed this pattern to a weaker degree. Stroke survivors (N=24) as a group showed no learning. A lesion comparison examining individual differences revealed that "non-learners" are more likely to have anterior lesions. Together, these findings demonstrate that word segmentation is sensitive to healthy aging and LH injury. Competing Interests: Declaration of interest statement The authors report no potential conflicts of interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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