An inter-laboratory effort to harmonize the cell-delivered in vitro dose of aerosolized materials.

Autor: Bannuscher A; Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland., Schmid O; Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München - Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany., Drasler B; Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland., Rohrbasser A; Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland., Braakhuis HM; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands., Meldrum K; In Vitro Toxicology Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Medical School, Institute of Life Sciences, Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Wales SA2 8PP, UK., Zwart EP; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands., Gremmer ER; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands., Birk B; BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany., Rissel M; BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany., Landsiedel R; BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany; Free University of Berlin, Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 14195 Berlin, Germany., Moschini E; Department of Environmental Research and Innovation, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41 rue du Brill, L4422 Belvaux, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, Luxembourg., Evans SJ; In Vitro Toxicology Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Medical School, Institute of Life Sciences, Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Wales SA2 8PP, UK., Kumar P; Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München - Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany., Orak S; Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München - Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany., Doryab A; Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC-M), Helmholtz Zentrum München - Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377 Munich, Germany; Institute of Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany., Erdem JS; National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), N-0033 Oslo, Norway., Serchi T; Department of Environmental Research and Innovation, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 41 rue du Brill, L4422 Belvaux, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg, Luxembourg., Vandebriel RJ; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands., Cassee FR; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720, BA, Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands., Doak SH; In Vitro Toxicology Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Medical School, Institute of Life Sciences, Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Wales SA2 8PP, UK., Petri-Fink A; Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland., Zienolddiny S; National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI), N-0033 Oslo, Norway., Clift MJD; In Vitro Toxicology Group, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Medical School, Institute of Life Sciences, Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University, Singleton Campus, Wales SA2 8PP, UK., Rothen-Rutishauser B; Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland. Electronic address: barbara.rothen@unifr.ch.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: NanoImpact [NanoImpact] 2022 Oct; Vol. 28, pp. 100439. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 17.
DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100439
Abstrakt: Air-liquid interface (ALI) lung cell models cultured on permeable transwell inserts are increasingly used for respiratory hazard assessment requiring controlled aerosolization and deposition of any material on ALI cells. The approach presented herein aimed to assess the transwell insert-delivered dose of aerosolized materials using the VITROCELL® Cloud12 system, a commercially available aerosol-cell exposure system. An inter-laboratory comparison study was conducted with seven European partners having different levels of experience with the VITROCELL® Cloud12. A standard operating procedure (SOP) was developed and applied by all partners for aerosolized delivery of materials, i.e., a water-soluble molecular substance (fluorescence-spiked salt) and two poorly soluble particles, crystalline silica quartz (DQ 12 ) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2 NM-105). The material dose delivered to transwell inserts was quantified with spectrofluorometry (fluorescein) and with the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) integrated in the VITROCELL® Cloud12 system. The shape and agglomeration state of the deposited particles were confirmed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Inter-laboratory comparison of the device-specific performance was conducted in two steps, first for molecular substances (fluorescein-spiked salt), and then for particles. Device- and/or handling-specific differences in aerosol deposition of VITROCELL® Cloud12 systems were characterized in terms of the so-called deposition factor (DF), which allows for prediction of the transwell insert-deposited particle dose from the particle concentration in the aerosolized suspension. Albeit DF varied between the different labs from 0.39 to 0.87 (mean (coefficient of variation (CV)): 0.64 (28%)), the QCM of each VITROCELL® Cloud 12 system accurately measured the respective transwell insert-deposited dose. Aerosolized delivery of DQ 12 and TiO 2 NM-105 particles showed good linearity (R 2  > 0.95) between particle concentration of the aerosolized suspension and QCM-determined insert-delivered particle dose. The VITROCELL® Cloud 12 performance for DQ 12 particles was identical to that for fluorescein-spiked salt, i.e., the ratio of measured and salt-predicted dose was 1.0 (29%). On the other hand, a ca. 2-fold reduced dose was observed for TiO 2 NM-105 (0.54 (41%)), which was likely due to partial retention of TiO 2 NM-105 agglomerates in the vibrating mesh nebulizer of the VITROCELL® Cloud12. This inter-laboratory comparison demonstrates that the QCM integrated in the VITROCELL® Cloud 12 is a reliable tool for dosimetry, which accounts for potential variations of the transwell insert-delivered dose due to device-, handling- and/or material-specific effects. With the detailed protocol presented herein, all seven partner laboratories were able to demonstrate dose-controlled aerosolization of material suspensions using the VITROCELL® Cloud12 exposure system at dose levels relevant for observing in vitro hazard responses. This is an important step towards regulatory approved implementation of ALI lung cell cultures for in vitro hazard assessment of aerosolized materials.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Barbara Birk, Manuel Rissel, Robert Landsiedel are employees of BASF. BASF produces some of the test material. In the future this set-up (Cloud12) might be used also for toxicological testing of BASF products. Otmar Schmid is employee of the Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, which receives license fees for the VITROCELL Cloud technology. Otmar Schmid as co-patent holder of the underlying ALICE Cloud technology receives a share of these license fees. All other authors declare no competing financial interests.
(Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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