Dissecting the invasion of Galleria mellonella by Yersinia enterocolitica reveals metabolic adaptations and a role of a phage lysis cassette in insect killing.

Autor: Sänger PA; Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institut für Molekulare Pathogenese, Jena, Germany., Wagner S; Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institut für Molekulare Pathogenese, Jena, Germany., Liebler-Tenorio EM; Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institut für Molekulare Pathogenese, Jena, Germany., Fuchs TM; Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institut für Molekulare Pathogenese, Jena, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS pathogens [PLoS Pathog] 2022 Nov 18; Vol. 18 (11), pp. e1010991. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 18 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010991
Abstrakt: The human pathogen Yersinia enterocolitica strain W22703 is characterized by its toxicity towards invertebrates that requires the insecticidal toxin complex (Tc) proteins encoded by the pathogenicity island Tc-PAIYe. Molecular and pathophysiological details of insect larvae infection and killing by this pathogen, however, have not been dissected. Here, we applied oral infection of Galleria mellonella (Greater wax moth) larvae to study the colonisation, proliferation, tissue invasion, and killing activity of W22703. We demonstrated that this strain is strongly toxic towards the larvae, in which they proliferate by more than three orders of magnitude within six days post infection. Deletion mutants of the genes tcaA and tccC were atoxic for the insect. W22703 ΔtccC, in contrast to W22703 ΔtcaA, initially proliferated before being eliminated from the host, thus confirming TcaA as membrane-binding Tc subunit and TccC as cell toxin. Time course experiments revealed a Tc-dependent infection process starting with midgut colonisation that is followed by invasion of the hemolymph where the pathogen elicits morphological changes of hemocytes and strongly proliferates. The in vivo transcriptome of strain W22703 shows that the pathogen undergoes a drastic reprogramming of central cell functions and gains access to numerous carbohydrate and amino acid resources within the insect. Strikingly, a mutant lacking a phage-related holin/endolysin (HE) cassette, which is located within Tc-PAIYe, resembled the phenotypes of W22703 ΔtcaA, suggesting that this dual lysis cassette may be an example of a phage-related function that has been adapted for the release of a bacterial toxin.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2022 Sänger et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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