Changes in dual-task cognitive performance elicited by physical exertion vary with motor task.

Autor:	Hogg JA; Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, United States., Riehm CD; Emory Sports Performance And Research Center, Flowery Branch, GA, United States.; Emory Sports Medicine Center, Atlanta, GA, United States.; Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States., Wilkerson GB; Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, United States., Tudini F; Department of Physical Therapy, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, United States., Peyer KL; Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, United States., Acocello SN; Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, United States., Carlson LM; Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, United States., Le T; Upstream Rehabilitation, Raymond, MS, United States., Sessions R; Cornerstone Rehabilitation, Southaven, MS, United States., Diekfuss JA; Emory Sports Performance And Research Center, Flowery Branch, GA, United States.; Emory Sports Medicine Center, Atlanta, GA, United States.; Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States., Myer GD; Emory Sports Performance And Research Center, Flowery Branch, GA, United States.; Emory Sports Medicine Center, Atlanta, GA, United States.; Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.; The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in sports and active living [Front Sports Act Living] 2022 Oct 28; Vol. 4, pp. 989799. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 28 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fspor.2022.989799
Abstrakt:	Background: Integrated movement and cognitive load paradigms are used to expose impairments associated with concussion and musculoskeletal injury. There is currently little information on the discriminatory nature of dual-task complexity and the relative influence of physical exertion on cognitive outcomes. Purpose: Assess cognitive performance while under motor conditions of increasing complexity before and after a standardized exercise protocol. Methods: 34 participants were recruited (17 male and 17 female; 24 ± 1.4 yrs). A modified Eriksen flanker test was used to assess cognitive performance under four conditions (seated, single-leg stance, walking, and lateral stepping) before and after a 20-min moderate-to vigorous intensity treadmill protocol. The flanker test consisted of 20 sets of 5-arrow configurations, appearing in random order. To complete the response to cognitive stimulus, participants held a smartphone horizontally and were instructed to respond as quickly and as accurately as possible by tilting the device in the direction corresponding to the orientation of the middle arrow. The metrics used for analysis included average reaction time (ms), inverse efficiency index (average reaction time penalized for incorrect responses), and conflict effect (the average time cost of responding to an incongruent repetition vs. a congruent repetition). Mixed effects (condition by time) RMANOVAs were conducted to examine the effects of motor task complexity and physical exertion on cognitive performance. Results: There was a condition by time interaction for inverse efficiency index ( p < 0.001), in which participants displayed higher cognitive efficiency for the pre-activity lateral stepping condition compared to the other three conditions (Cohen's d = 1.3-1.6). For reaction time and conflict effect, there were main effects for condition ( p = 0.004 and 0.006, respectively), in which performance during lateral stepping was improved in relation to the seated condition (reaction time Cohen's d = 0.68; conflict effect Cohen's d = 0.64). Conclusion: Participants tended to display better dual-task cognitive performance under more stimulating or complex motor tasks before physical exertion, likely associated with the inverted-U arousal-performance relationship. When using dual-task assessments, clinicians should be mindful of the accompanying motor task and baseline exertion levels and their potential to disrupt or optimize cognitive performance. Competing Interests: Author TL was employed by Upstream Rehabilitation. Author RS was employed by Cornerstone Rehabilitation. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Hogg, Riehm, Wilkerson, Tudini, Peyer, Acocello, Carlson, Le, Sessions, Diekfuss and Myer.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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